Features

Community Through Compost

Lina McRoberts carrying crop

Woman carrying bales of wild garlicOn a typical afternoon this past July, a visitor to Midnight’s Farm on Lopez Island off the coast of Washington state might have spotted Lina McRoberts ’27 harvesting rhubarb, trellising Swiss chard or sticking a temperature probe into a steaming pile of compost.

A physics and gender and women’s studies double major, McRoberts spent 10 weeks living and working at the farm for her Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) project, through an internship with the Lopez Community Land Trust. Alongside daily hands-on farmwork, McRoberts drew on her physics knowledge to understand and improve the farm’s community composting system.

Composting is fascinating, says McRoberts, because while it is a biological, chemical and physical process, it also is a stewardship practice that transforms waste—brought to the farm by Lopez Island residents—into a shared community resource that is sold back to local farms, restaurants, gardens and community members. “Nutrients circulate, quite literally, through the island,” she says.

On the technical side, McRoberts wanted to know how airflow, temperature, moisture and microbial activity interact within large compost piles. Because the microbial activity driving decomposition occurs largely out of sight within piles that can reach 8 feet in height, temperature serves as one of the most important indicators of what is happening inside.

One of McRoberts’ first tasks was to re-establish Midnight’s Farm’s wireless temperature monitoring system (separate from the farm’s regular wired setup), which was used for past experiments and had been offline for six months. After identifying and testing damaged probes, troubleshooting communication failures and reconnecting hardware, McRoberts brought the system back online. This was essential for her own research, she says, because “without reliable temperature measurements, it would be nearly impossible to assess whether the compost is receiving adequate oxygen, how actively decomposition is occurring, or how different management strategies influence the composting process.”

Woman fixing a temperature probe

Lina McRoberts
fixing a compost
temperature probe.

The composting project has led McRoberts to think about the broader systems and people that make community-scale sustainability possible, especially on a small island like Lopez.

“Living on Lopez Island has given me a deeper appreciation for both the possibilities and the challenges of community life,” she says. “The island is extraordinarily beautiful, but it also faces many of the pressures affecting rural communities across the country—housing affordability, rising land values, an aging population and economic inequality.”

During her time at Pomona, McRoberts has been increasingly involved in political organizing. In her sophomore year, with her friend Claudio Castillo ’26, she co-founded Critical Mass, a student organization that encourages STEM students to consider who their work serves and what kind of world it is helping to create. They have explored such topics as surveillance technology, the political economy of scientific research and growing attacks on public education and intellectual life.

That social justice lens led her to seek out opportunities where she could use her scientific training in ways that felt directly connected to community needs. The Lopez Island composting project, she says, allowed her to apply physics in a context with tangible and immediate benefits.

“I am constantly reminded that technical knowledge is not neutral,” she says. “It matters deeply how we choose to use it, and I have found it remarkably rewarding to apply it in service of a community working to sustain itself.”

McRoberts found digging into manual farm labor equally satisfying. Biking to the grocery store on Lopez Island, she says, “I would see the mixed greens we harvested, washed, dried and bagged that very morning, or the raspberries that we woke up an hour and a half early to harvest so as to avoid the sun.”

There was a moment, she says, echoing German philosopher Karl Marx, where she caught a glimpse of herself in her work. “Meaningful labor,” she says, “allows us to encounter ourselves in the world we have and continue to make.”

Staff Spotlight: Jillian Gomez, Farm Manager

Jillian Gomez, Pomona College farm manager

Jillian Gomez gardening at Pomona's organic farmHidden away in the far southeast corner of campus, the Pomona College Organic Farm is home to a native plant garden, a composting system, lush fruit orchards and 50 beds of vegetable crops, as well as a small flock of friendly chickens. Jillian Gomez has overseen the farm since 2021.

Why should folks visit? It’s just a beautiful space and it’s good for people’s mental health to come out here and take a break. It’s also great for learning about nature and sustainable agriculture and land management. Beyond that, we want the broader community to be involved as much as possible—we recently had a soil fest here put on by a local organization. People are surprised this exists in the middle of Claremont.

How are students involved? We have a compost crew, which is usually about five students, and farm assistants—we had seven or so last semester. Students tend to come back each year. I think people who are drawn to work with the farm tend to stick around and get really committed.

A typical day? Every day is different. It always starts with going around checking on things. How is the compost doing? How are the bees doing? How is the pond doing? A student installed the pond as her senior project to create a habitat for native frogs. So, I’ll check on that. It’s part of my job to make room for students to have ideas and try stuff.

The fun parts? I love being outside. I learned early on that I wasn’t cut out for indoor office work. I love to be outdoors. I like problem solving and there are so many opportunities for little improvements and big improvements.

The biggest challenge? Number one is squirrels. They eat everything. The ground squirrels are a native species, so they’re supposed to be here, but their population is way out of control. It’s especially bad in the summer, when the juveniles are coming out of the burrows. The population triples or quadruples depending on how big the litters are.

What’s new? The compost program is always a big thing. In the past couple of years, we’ve been trying to expand the percentage of food waste we take from the dining halls. At the same time, we’re dealing with new and emerging pest issues. This summer I’ve been trying to figure out how can we secure the compost from the coyotes, who have suddenly shown an interest in getting into those food sources.

On the Celestial Beat

Table Mountain Telescope exterior

A telescope against the night sky

It’s 10 p.m., and three Pomona College students are just getting their night started.

Huddled in a closet-sized room alongside Associate Professor of Physics and Astronomy Phil Choi, they’re searching a computer screen for their next celestial target. The click of a button triggers the mechanical sound of metal and gears groaning through the walls.

Just outside, a massive telescope carefully pivots into position across the night sky.

These stargazing Sagehens are not on campus. They’re perched atop a 7,000-foot peak in the San Gabriel Mountains at Pomona College’s Table Mountain Observatory (TMO), scanning the sky for Near Earth Asteroids.

“These are potential impactors,” Choi says of the asteroids. “We’ve been working for years trying to discover these things, determine their orbits and decide whether they’re potentially hazardous.”

“If they are,” he adds, “we follow them up.”

Designed and constructed in the 1980s, the observatory’s research capabilities were limited during its first few decades. But in the past five years, TMO has exploded onto the astronomy scene as a productive science machine.

“We’re active every clear night,” Choi says, “so we’re involved in a very serious way in two or three big collaborations where we’re churning out data on a night-to-night basis.”

TMO provides an advanced learning opportunity that many young astrophysicists don’t receive until grad school. It’s also been a boon for recruiting high-caliber students to the College.

“I did not think coming in that I would have the level of hands-on experience, the level of interaction with senior researchers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory [and] the level of interaction with collaborators around the world,” Sage Santomenna ’26 says.

A professor and student work with a telescope

Tala Istanbouli ̓28 and
Professor Phil Choi tinker with
the hardware underneath
the one-meter telescope.

Santomenna turned down multiple R1 university offers in favor of attending Pomona College for its astrophysics program. Their work at TMO was the foundation of a prestigious Goldwater Scholarship awarded for the 2025-26 academic year.

Santomenna exemplifies the important roles students have played in bolstering the telescope through its history, Choi says.

“I’d say there’s been a factor of 10 increase in the efficiency of our telescope based on a lot of the software tools that Sage has been able to build for us,” Choi says.

On more than one occasion, Choi has been asked why he doesn’t roboticize and automate the observatory to pump out nonstop research for collaborators.

His answer is always the same: It’s important that TMO remains accessible to Pomona students.

Since taking over as the facility’s point-person 18 years ago, Choi has worked with students to secure multiple National Science Foundation and NASA grants to build up the million-dollar instrumentation and high-tech software that are the bedrock of the now modernized telescope.

As TMO continues to evolve in leaps and bounds, the astrophysics world has taken notice.

The combination of advanced instrumentation and year-round, immediate access enables TMO to occupy a unique niche in high-spatial and temporal-resolution imaging of fast-moving objects. For the Near Earth Asteroid study, the TMO facility achieves astrometric performance better than all but a handful of competing systems in the world.

“It’s a humble one-meter telescope,” Choi says, “so compared to a lot of other instruments doing this research, it’s small. But the thing that makes it special is the hardware on the back end is doing something that very few facilities do.”

“People are sometimes skeptical of our technique, but our results speak for themselves.”

Originals: The Campaign for Pomona College

Students gathered in the Skyspace at Pomona College

When Pomona College was founded nearly 140 years ago, our founders imagined something new: a college in a garden, rooted in the traditions of the liberal arts but alive to the possibilities of a changing world. That willingness to imagine what might be possible has carried Pomona forward ever since, from President James Blaisdell’s audacious vision for a community of distinctive colleges to our continuing commitment to finding extraordinary human talent wherever it may be.

Original thinking is our inheritance. At Pomona, students learn to think differently and broadly, to take intellectual risks and approach the world with curiosity, humility and care. Our originals are not rugged individualists striking out alone. They understand that ideas flourish in community—and that our greatest possibilities emerge when we learn from and work alongside people whose experiences and perspectives differ from our own.

The world needs those qualities now more than ever. It needs people who are unafraid to question assumptions, who can turn knowledge into understanding and who believe deeply in our capacity to work together. It needs Sagehens.

Originals: The Campaign for Pomona College is our commitment to ensuring that Pomona continues to prepare them. Together, we will expand access for extraordinary students, invest in transformative teaching and emerging fields of knowledge, deepen both global learning and collaboration, strengthen the ties that connect us across lifetimes and nurture the health and well-being that allow every member of our community to flourish.

Generations before us made this Pomona possible. Now it is our turn to imagine and make possible the Pomona that generations to come will need.

Gabrielle Starr, President

Making Pomona Accessible

Pomona’s future depends on its ability to attract the most talented students wherever they are found.

Every year, exceptional young people arrive on campus carrying extraordinary ambition, creativity, determination and promise. They enrich every classroom, laboratory, studio, residence hall and athletic field. They challenge one another. They expand one another’s horizons. They elevate the entire community.

Students Seated, Originals

But making Pomona accessible means more than opening the door. It means ensuring that students from every socioeconomic background—including middle-income families for whom a Pomona education may still feel out of reach—can choose Pomona and participate fully once they are here. Through Originals, we will expand financial aid while helping ensure that every Sagehen has access to the tools and resources that make the full Pomona experience possible.

That commitment begins with new financial aid for middle-income students, alongside expanded support for Pomona’s current financial aid program. And because the true cost of college extends beyond tuition, Access to Course Essentials (ACE) and the Technology Access Program (TAP) will help provide the technology, materials and academic essentials students need to make the most of their Pomona education.

Making the Invisible Visible

Photo of a woman in front of an arch“I’d never taken an economics class before,” says Rachel Nguyen ’26. “The only economics experience I had was helping my mom with the books at the nail salon.”

At Pomona, Rachel discovered economics as a tool for understanding communities like her own. Her pioneering econometric research on Vietnamese nail salons and technicians documented a workforce often overlooked in official datasets, laying groundwork that could inform labor policy and protections for immigrant workers. “It begins with the data,” she says.

Pomona also opened doors beyond the classroom. A fellowship in California Governor Gavin Newsom’s office gave Rachel firsthand experience in public service, while Pomona-funded study abroad took her to Vietnam, where she became the first in her family to return and reconnect with relatives.

Rachel’s first stop after Pomona? Graduate study in economics at the University of Chicago, where she will confront new datasets and new questions with the same instinct to look beyond the obvious.

Leading in a Changing World

The defining challenges of our time refuse to stay in a single discipline.

Climate change. Artificial intelligence. Global migration. Public health. Democratic participation. Economic inequality.

Meeting these challenges requires more than expertise. It requires people who can connect ideas across fields, cultures and perspectives and transform insight into action.

Teacher in a classroom with students

This campaign will accelerate faculty-student research, expand global learning opportunities, strengthen interdisciplinary teaching and invest in emerging areas of inquiry. It will position Pomona as a national model for the next generation of liberal arts education—one that prepares students not simply to navigate change, but to shape it.

Philanthropy will make this ambition possible at every level. Campaign investments will build the Center for Global Engagement; create new endowed faculty positions; expand global learning, collaboration and dialogue; advance inclusive excellence; strengthen academic support; and provide faculty with the fellowships, resources and professional development they need to pursue ambitious ideas. Together, these investments will give Pomona the people, programs and places to keep pushing the boundaries of a liberal arts education.

Reaching Beyond Our Gates

For generations, Pomona students have learned that some of the most consequential education happens when they cross boundaries—between disciplines, cultures, communities and ways of seeing the world. The new Center for Global Engagement will create a home for that kind of discovery.

Now under construction, the $125 million Center is Pomona’s most ambitious capital project to date. Designed as a living-learning “liberal arts laboratory,” it brings together residential life, dining, classrooms and collaborative spaces, housing 200 students and welcoming the entire community for global and interdisciplinary learning.

Its promise is being realized through extraordinary philanthropy with $50 million in support from the Pomona community helping move the center’s construction and programs forward. Among the transformational commitments are a $10 million gift from Board Chair Janet Inskeep Benton ’79 and a $10 million commitment from Trustee Emeritus Ranney E. Draper ’60 and his late wife, Priscilla. Their generosity builds on decades of leadership and investment in the College, reflecting a shared belief in preparing Sagehens to engage meaningfully with a changing world.

A group of students engaged in a global learning experienceThat spirit of exploration extends to many others who support the Center and related programs. The philanthropy of Karen Q. Wong P’29 and Kelvin Huang P’29 honors Karen’s father and his lifelong belief in education. Their fund will support study away in China, giving future students opportunities to learn through language, culture and firsthand experience.

Together, these gifts and many others demonstrate what the Center makes possible: not simply a new building, but an enduring ecosystem for curiosity, connection and learning across borders.

Nurturing Our Whole Community

A truly transformative educational experience engages the whole person—and the whole community.

Original thinking requires more than intellect. It requires confidence. Resilience. Belonging. It requires the freedom to take risks, pursue ambitious questions, recover from failure and begin again. No one does that alone. Pomona’s commitment to student, faculty and staff success extends beyond the classroom to encompass wellness, mentorship, belonging, athletics, residential life, leadership development and the many experiences that help people discover who they are and what they are capable of becoming.

A group of women athletes smilingThis campaign will strengthen the conditions that allow all to flourish. It will expand access to wellness resources, deepen mentorship and community-building opportunities, enhance student life and athletics and create an environment where every student can participate fully in the life of the College. Great communities do more than support achievement. They make achievement possible.

Philanthropy will strengthen the foundations of a thriving Pomona community. Campaign investments will support the Center for Athletics, Recreation and Wellness as a hub for movement, connection and well-being; expand access to health insurance so students can get the care they need; and advance health and wellness initiatives for students, faculty and staff, including efforts to build a thriving workplace culture. Together, these investments recognize a simple truth: people do their best thinking, learning and creating when they have the support to thrive.

470,000—and Counting

Since opening its doors, the Center for Athletics, Recreation and Wellness (CARW) has welcomed more than 470,000 visits, a powerful measure of how philanthropy can transform daily life at Pomona. More than a place to exercise, the CARW has become a crossroads for the College: a place where students, faculty and staff gather, recharge, compete and connect. Its extraordinary use demonstrates what the campaign is already achieving—investing in spaces that strengthen well-being, belonging and community for everyone at Pomona.

Connecting Across Lifetimes

A group of women alumni smilingA Pomona education does not end at Commencement. It grows and deepens over time.

One of Pomona’s greatest strengths is the willingness of Sagehens to invest in those who follow. Through Originals, Pomona will double alumni engagement while creating more opportunities for graduates to mentor students, create internships, share expertise, return as teachers and open doors to careers and experiences.

These relationships help students test ideas in the world, discover new paths and imagine futures they may never have considered. They also give alumni meaningful ways to stay connected and give back.

Campaign investments will expand the Return to Pomona Scholar program, extramural research opportunities and career development, creating more ways for students to learn from alumni and gain experience beyond the classroom.

When Sagehens invest in Sagehens, everyone benefits.

A Network that Opens Doors

“One trait you’ll see among Pomona students is that whatever they do, they do it in an original way,” says Sebastian Fish Mathurin ’26. He sees that same spirit in alumni: “the passion, the drive, but also the curiosity and the ability to remain a student throughout life.”

A man with a backpack smiling

Sebastian experienced that connection firsthand through Trustee Aditya Sood ’97, president of Lord Miller and executive producer of films including Deadpool and Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse. Their mentorship led to a summer internship at Lord Miller—and Pomona funding helped make it possible.

A stipend from the Career Development Office and Pomona College Internship Program enabled Sebastian to remain in California and take advantage of an opportunity he otherwise might not have been able to pursue. The experience showed Sebastian what can happen when generations of Sagehens invest in one another: alumni open doors, Pomona helps students walk through them and new possibilities take shape.

When Sagehens invest in Sagehens, everyone benefits.

Ensuring Pomona Endures

Pomona’s defining strengths are the result of generations of vision, generosity and leadership.

The strongest institutions do more than endure. They evolve. They adapt. They lead. This campaign will ensure that Pomona remains among the world’s most influential liberal arts colleges while expanding its capacity to shape the future.

Aerial view of a college campus

That future will be built, as Pomona always has been, gift by gift and generation by generation. As Vice President for Advancement Maria Watson says, “At Pomona, generosity has always been an act of optimism: a belief in students we may never meet, discoveries we cannot yet imagine and a College that will keep evolving long after we are gone.”

The Pomona Annual Fund, the Pomona Plan and legacy gifts are key parts of the Originals campaign: resources that will sustain the people, programs and possibilities at the heart of the College while creating a strong foundation for generations of Sagehens still to come.

The Originality of the Pomona Plan

Students walking through stone gatesPomona was an original in planned giving, too. Developed in the 1940s by Allen F. Hawley, Class of 1916, the Pomona Plan pioneered a model in which donors could receive lifetime income and tax benefits while ultimately supporting the College—a concept that became a model for institutions nationwide. Today, it remains one of higher education’s most respected life-income programs. As Senior Director of the Pomona Plan Art Landerholm ’92 puts it, “It’s a distinctly Pomona idea: a financial, tax and philanthropic ‘win-win’ for the College and generations of participants.”

Meet the Campaign Chairs

Sam ’04 and Emily ’04 Glick have been part of each other’s Pomona story since meeting during their first year on campus and flirting in James Irvine Professor of Economics Eleanor P. Brown’s class as seniors. Now they are returning to help write the College’s next chapter as campaign chairs. We asked them to fill in the blanks.

Portrait of Sam and Emily Glick

Our Pomona meet-cute started with…

Emily: A textbook. I needed the most expensive book on my list—about $110—and Sam had already taken the class and still had his copy. I figured if I borrowed his, I could save the money and buy him lunch as a thank you. We were both so busy that lunch kept getting rescheduled, until it finally became dinner—and then 11 hours of talking. We started dating about three weeks before graduation, and here we are.

A Pomona moment we still think about…

Emily: I received an Iberian Grant, funded by an alumna, for independent study in Spain. I lived in Madrid and studied what the Spanish government was doing to help people experiencing homelessness, creating a black-and-white photo essay and written report. It was a lesson in independence, among other things—you had to find a roommate, figure out your international cellphone and make your own way. I learned about poverty and about telling people’s stories without exploiting them. But mostly, I learned I could land in another country, figure things out and do something I hadn’t done before.

Sam: In a class on medieval mystery plays, we had to enact a scene where a woman throws her baby over a balcony. We did it from the second floor of the Smith Campus Center—with a small watermelon wrapped up like a baby. It was a pretty gory moment. But we were learning how to draw emotions out of people and think about how audiences hundreds of years ago might have experienced the story. I still think about the lesson on how you can have a serious impact on people with limited resources through commitment and ingenuity.

The thing about Pomona that’s hard to explain until you’ve experienced it…

Sam: Every moment at Pomona is part of that Pomona education. I started learning from Day One through late-night dorm hallway conversations with my sponsor group. I had the opportunity to sit on a presidential search committee as a student, and that was part of my education. Doing summer research with faculty was part of my education. And then every course I took—from general education requirements to intense courses in my major to classes I chose on a whim because they looked interesting—helped me gain new perspectives and connect dots across topics I might never have thought were related.

Pomona College Campaign Committee*

Sam ’04 and Emily ’04 Glick, Chairs
Janet Inskeep Benton ’79
Ranney E. Draper ’60
Wei Hopeman ’92 P’28
Robert “Bobby” Lee ’02
Wendell Jackson “Jack” and Carolyn Long P’13 ’15
Steven Olson P’23 ’26
Gabrielle Starr
James “Jim” Valone ’85
Eileen Wilson-Oyelaran ’69

*As of September 1, 2026

What motivates us to lead the campaign is…

Emily: There is a sense of community and commonality. And even if you weren’t on campus at the same time or you’re in a different career field, I think Sagehens find a togetherness through a similar mindset and a similar set of values. The campaign is a little like showing up at a wedding where everyone cares about the couple getting married. Love is in the air. It is a sense of we’re all here to promote a good thing that we believe in.

The campaign priority that gets us up in the morning is…

Emily: The recruitment, retention and success of students from middle-income families. Talented students from families of every income level need to know that they should apply, and that attending and successfully graduating from Pomona is achievable for them.

Sam: I agree. Pomona is for everybody. For someone who is qualified and can benefit from a Pomona education, there should be no financial barrier to them getting that education. Period.

 

 

4 Important Facts

  1. The campaign’s reach is College-wide.

Originals is an investment in the whole Pomona experience—from financial aid and faculty to global learning, wellness, career exploration and the resources that sustain the College. Together, these priorities strengthen the interconnected experiences that allow students to thrive.

  1. Its impact extends beyond our gates.

A Pomona education was never meant to stay in Claremont. Sagehens carry what they learn into laboratories, classrooms, boardrooms, studios, communities and public life—bringing independent thinking, intellectual curiosity and a distinctly collaborative approach to challenges that matter.

  1. It doubles down on the Pomona you love.

This campaign isn’t about reinventing Pomona. It’s about investing more deeply in what makes Pomona original: extraordinary students and faculty, learning at a human scale, close relationships, intellectual risk-taking and a community where people challenge and care for one another.

  1. We all can help.

There is no single way to be part of Originals. Give. Volunteer. Mentor a student. Attend an event. Reconnect with classmates. Share your Pomona pride. Every act of participation strengthens the community—and helps create possibilities for the Sagehens who come next.

Exterior shot of Bridges auditorium

7 Gifts Making an Impact

From opening gates for students to advancing bold ideas, creating new opportunities and investing in the College for generations to come, every gift has a story—and a purpose. Here are seven Originals leading the way.

  1. Open the world
    Bill Riley P’26
    A $1 million commitment to the Center for Global Engagement will help bring the world to Pomona—and Pomona to the world.
  2. Expand access
    Anonymous
    A $2.5 million family gift will strengthen technology and access, helping ensure students have the tools they need to take full advantage of a Pomona education.
  3. Open doors around the world
    Wei Z. Hopeman ’92 P’28 and David Basmajian P’28
    A $1 million gift established an endowed family fund for global internships, launching the Pomona College Global Internship Program and expanding opportunities for students to learn and gain experience around the world.
  4. Put Pomona within reach
    Lauri M. Steel ’67
    A commitment to scholarships will help make a Pomona education possible for talented students, regardless of their financial circumstances.
  5. Invest for generations
    Ruth ’68 and Richard Ault
    Through the Pomona Plan and legacy giving, the Aults are putting $3 million to work for Pomona’s future—and demonstrating the lasting power of planned gifts.
  6. Make a transformational commitment
    Janet Inskeep Benton ’79
    A $10 million commitment to the Center for Global Engagement is helping bring a vibrant new residential community to life, adding 60 beds and creating new opportunities for students to live, learn and grow together.
  7. Give 47 at a time
    Ryan Luo ’16
    Luo’s connection to Pomona keeps multiplying. After launching the Pomona College Hackathon as a student, he later hired fellow Sagehen Sam Malik ’24 at his company, AegisAI. Today, he stays connected to the Computer Science Department—and supports its students and faculty with a recurring gift of, naturally, $47 a month.

Originals Are Coming Your Way

The Campaign for Pomona College is taking flight. Join fellow Sagehens, families and friends across the country and around the world to celebrate Originals, connect with the Pomona community and hear how the campaign is shaping what comes next for the College. Mark your calendar and watch for more details:

San Francisco
November 4, 2026

Los Angeles
February 11, 2027

Asia
March 29–April 2, 2027

Chicago
May 18, 2027

New York City
May 20, 2027

Wherever Sagehens gather, original thinking follows. We hope you’ll be part of it.

pomona.edu/originals/events

What’s the Big Idea?

Illustration of big ideas, two thinkers with objects of interest on a table.

These Sagehens, original thinkers all, turned blue sky thinking into the real deal.

illustration showing a man and a woman working on ideas

It’s not enough to have a good idea, though it’s a good start.

What follows that moment of inspired thinking is what really matters. Will that precious germ of an idea shrivel on the vine, or will it flourish and bear dazzling fruit? That, of course, depends on myriad factors—timing, talent, toil, grit. A dash of good fortune?

In the following pages, we present a baker’s dozen of Pomona alums who took their boundary-pushing ideas and ran with them, turning inspired dreams into lasting realities. Some of our visionaries created something entirely new; others solved an intractable problem, inspired vital change, transformed our perceptions, or simply made an aspect of daily life so, so much better. All our idea makers have made an outsized impact in their field, the ripples of their achievements fanning out far and wide into the world at large.

Pomona College has been nurturing innovative thinkers for well over a century now, and the Sagehens we recognize here represent just a fraction of a much longer list that could have filled many issues of the magazine. We hope you’ll let us know who else we should have included.


James Turrell ’65
Artist
The Big Idea: Make art out of light

Not content with limiting himself to traditional materials—paint, metal, wood, stone—James Turrell chose light itself as his sculptural medium, launching a lifelong artistic investigation into the very nature of perception. A pioneer of the California Light and Space Movement of the 1960s, Turrell has created immersive installations around the world that employ light as a tool to alter how we sense space, depth, color and form. Most famous are his Skyspaces (including our very own in Draper Courtyard), which open up to the sky and, with programmed lighting at dawn and sunset, offer a profound, perception-altering experience for those seated below. Turrell also has been working since 1977 on turning an extinct volcanic crater in Arizona into a naked-eye observatory that connects visitors with celestial events and the cosmos.

Illustration showing a box with a sticker on itStanton Avery ’32
Inventor/Businessman
The Big Idea: Invent self-adhesive labelsGrowing up poor in Oklahoma during the Great Depression, R. Stanton Avery went on to create a global company and invent a revolutionary technology—the self-adhesive label. Labels had existed before, of course, but those required moistening or gluing. Avery’s inspired concept was to create a sticker that was pressure sensitive, self-adhering and resealable. He created his first set of labels soon after graduating from Pomona, with a $100 loan from his future wife Dorothy Durfee and a combination of used machine parts and a saber saw, from which he crafted a rudimentary die-cut labeling machine. In 1935, he founded Avery Adhesives, a small company in Los Angeles that grew into Avery Dennison, a global Fortune 500 company. Avery’s invention forever changed the world of packaging, retail and shipping, making it feasible to apply large numbers of labels quickly and affordably.

Gary Acosta ’85
Entrepreneur
The Big Idea: Expand Latino wealth and business ownership

As an advocate for Latino wealth creation, Gary Acosta wears many hats. He is co-founder and CEO of the National Association of Hispanic Real Estate Professionals (NAHREP), the nation’s largest Latino business organization, with around 100 chapters across the U.S. Acosta also is a founding partner of venture capital fund L’ATTITUDE Ventures, which invests exclusively in Latino-led companies, and he is a founder of the Hispanic Wealth Project, dedicated to increasing household wealth and economic mobility in the Latino community. Through his entrepreneurship, investing and public policy work, Acosta has become one of the nation’s most influential advocates for Latino economic advancement. While at Pomona, Acosta played varsity basketball under future NBA Hall of Fame coach Gregg Popovich, and he has said his mentor’s intensity and consistent commitment to excellence has stayed with him.


Stephen Smith ’17
Health Care Entrepreneur
The Big Idea: Make OCD therapy accessible and affordable

After struggling for many years with undiagnosed obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Stephen Smith eventually found help through exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy, a type of cognitive behavioral therapy now considered the gold standard for treating the condition. Knowing that many with OCD face long delays in getting an accurate diagnosis or evidence-based treatment, Smith co-founded NOCD, a digital community and telehealth platform that offers OCD prevention and management therapy. The service officially launched in 2017, the same year Smith (a transfer student and Sagehen football player) graduated from Pomona. The company has since grown into the world’s largest OCD specialty telehealth provider, with more than a million therapy sessions annually and 140 million people able to access it through their insurance. Recently, NOCD acquired a PTSD-focused platform, launching a parent brand called NOTO, with comedian Howie Mandel—who also lives with OCD—as its spokesperson.

illustration of a strand of DNA being snipped

Jennifer Doudna ’85
Biochemist
The Big Idea: Take gene editing to the next level

In 2020, Jennifer Doudna’s work co-inventing CRISPR-Cas9, a breakthrough method of gene editing that allows scientists to make precise changes to DNA, received the highest of accolades, a Nobel Prize in chemistry. The technique Doudna and her collaborator, Emmanuelle Charpentier, created has transformed science by making gene editing faster, less expensive and more accurate. It is now a standard tool in genetics, biotech and biomedical research. CRISPR can treat genetic diseases by correcting errors in DNA and treatments using the “genetic scissors” have already been approved for patients with sickle-cell disease. It also shows potential for treating cancer and inherited disorders. Beyond medicine, CRISPR is being used to improve crops and better understand how genes function in plants, animals and humans.

Maya Horgan Famodu ’13
Venture Capitalist
The Big Idea: Re-envision investing in African companies

A two-time Forbes 30 Under 30 honoree, venture capital investor Maya Horgan Famodu has been named a Most Influential Person of African Descent by the United Nations and a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum. The Nigerian American entrepreneur, who grew up poor in a trailer park in rural Minnesota, founded her investment fund Ingressive Capital in Lagos, Nigeria, at the age of 25. Since then, she has been a powerful force in building Africa’s technology startup ecosystem and increasing access to early-stage venture capital for African founders. Key to her success has been her ability to persuade influential investors in Silicon Valley and around the world to pay attention to the continent’s tech sector and consider it worthy of investment. Famodu also is helping to prepare tomorrow’s tech workers through Ingressive for Good, a nonprofit she co-founded that provides scholarships, technical training and career opportunities for young Africans pursuing technology careers.


Myrlie Evers-Williams ’68
Civil Rights Activist
The Big Idea: Push forward the goals of the Civil Rights Movement

Myrlie Evers-Williams arrived at Pomona to begin a new life as a student and young widow with three children a year after the 1963 assassination of her husband, civil rights leader Medgar Evers. She would go on to chair the NAACP from 1995 to 1998 and to give the invocation at President Barack Obama’s second inauguration in 2013, the first woman and layperson to do so. For more than three decades, Evers-Williams sought punishment for her husband’s murderer, efforts that finally led to a successful murder conviction in 1994. Through her speeches, writing and public service, Evers-Williams has advocated powerfully for civic engagement, voting rights and equal opportunities for all people. In 2023, Evers-Williams donated her archival collection of papers and other memorabilia to Pomona, making them available to future scholars and the public.

Illustration of a catJean Mill ’48
Conservationist
The Big Idea: Develop a new breed of domesticated cat

When Jean Mill set out to develop an entirely new breed of cat, she had a loftier goal in mind than merely creating a beautiful feline. Mill, who studied genetics at UC Davis after graduating from Pomona, was motivated by an interest in conservation. If people could own a domestic cat that looked like a wild leopard cat, she reasoned, there would be less poaching of wild-caught exotic felines. To create a cat with the spotted coat of a wild leopard cat and the tame and friendly nature of a house pet she crossed an Asian leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) with domestic cats and then selectively bred the offspring over many generations. Eventually, the bengal cat was recognized as a distinct breed by the International Cat Association. Today, it is one of the most popular and sought after breeds of cat in the world.

Sharon Camp ’65
Public Policy Expert
The Big Idea: Get emergency contraception directly to women who need it

Known as the “Mother of Plan B,” Sharon Camp led the effort to develop and launch the emergency contraceptive in the U.S. Before Camp committed herself to the cause, major pharmaceutical companies in the U.S., fearing potential backlash, had shied away from developing and marketing emergency contraception. Camp, who previously led a nonprofit focused on reproductive health, had seen firsthand the harm caused by poor reproductive care in developing nations and knew the importance of getting contraception directly into the hands of women and making abortion safer. In the late 1980s, she worked to bring Mifepristone to the U.S. and a decade later founded Women’s Capital Corporation as a three-person startup, overcoming a slew of hurdles to develop and commercialize Plan B—the so-called “morning after” pill. Bridging research, public policy and pharmaceutical development, Camp, who died in 2025, transformed access to emergency contraception, impacting millions of women’s lives.

Illustration of Star Wars VFX elementsRobert Blalack ’70
Visual Effects Artist
The Big Idea: Create “impossible” visual effects

Anyone who has seen the first Star Wars movie has witnessed the jaw-dropping work of Robert Blalack. A trailblazing visual effects artist, Blalack co-founded Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) and helped create many of the modern visual effects techniques that have transformed filmmaking. His work on Star Wars, which immersed audiences in a believable world of spacecraft battles and glowing lightsabers, won him an Oscar for Best Visual Effects in 1978. Blalack, who began developing his filmmaking skills while at Pomona, is known as much for the processes he developed as he is for specific techniques. Before ILM came on the scene, visual effects consisted of hundreds of individual effects created shot by shot. Blalack and ILM figured out how to scale the process and combine multiple film elements into a convincing final shot. The workflows ILM developed—where separate elements are created, tracked, composited and integrated through a standardized pipeline—laid the groundwork for modern VFX studios.

Mikey Dickerson ’01
Software Engineer
The Big Idea: Modernize government software

If you tried to sign up for “Obamacare” health insurance in 2013, when HealthCare.gov went online, you might have experienced glitches with a website that crashed within hours of launching and seemed doomed to failure. Enter Mikey Dickerson, then a site reliability engineer at Google, who was brought in to overhaul the government website. The recovery team he headed up stabilized and rebuilt the system, allowing millions of people to sign up for health insurance. In 2014, President Barack Obama appointed him as the first administrator of the U.S. Digital Service, a new department designed to improve government technology. By bringing the same engineering standards that Silicon Valley was already using—modern software engineering, user-focused design, rapid iteration—to government systems, Dickerson changed government technology. He came back to Pomona as a professor of practice from 2021 to 2024, teaching a popular computer science elective called Managing Complex Systems.

Illustration of a man on a windsurferHoyle Schweitzer ’55
Surfer and Businessman
The Big Idea: Transform windsurfing into a global sport

Surfer Hoyle Schweitzer, who died this year at age 93, may not have invented windsurfing, but he did turn it into a global cultural phenomenon. While the idea of attaching a sail to a board had been around since the 1950s, Schweitzer and engineer Jim Drake developed and patented the first commercial Windsurfer sailboard—a board with an asymmetrical sail, a hand-held boom and a mast attached with a universal joint—in the late 1960s. With impressive business and marketing acumen, Schweitzer (with his wife Diane) whipped up interest and turned windsurfing into a hugely popular water sport enjoyed by millions during the 1970s and ’80s. Competitions, magazines and schools all devoted to the wind-powered board followed in the wake of Schweitzer’s entrepreneurial brilliance, and in 1984 windsurfing became the youngest sport ever to be included in the Olympic Games. Modern wind-powered sports such as kitesurfing and foiling owe a direct debt to the windsurfer and to Schweitzer’s invitation to the world to hop onboard and ride the wind.

Chinasa T. Okolo ’18
AI Strategist
The Big Idea: Make AI more equitable and inclusive

Chinasa T. Okolo, a Nigerian American computer scientist, has been named one of the most influential people in artificial intelligence by Time and included on Forbes’ inaugural 30 Under 30 in AI list. Okolo, who has consulted for the United Nations and the World Bank and contributed to the International Scientific Report on the Safety of Advanced AI and Nigeria’s national AI strategy, argues that AI must do a better job serving Africa and other parts of the Global South. Countries outside the traditional tech centers, she insists, should be included at the table in policy discussions determining the future of AI. Her research, much of it in the field, explores how people in low-resource settings, including frontline health care workers in rural India, interact with AI and how AI systems can be designed to be more understandable and useful for everyday users.

Watch This Space

These young Sagehens are making waves and getting noticed.

Photo of a man with a robot carDonny Lu ’26
Passion: Technology

After wide-ranging academic exploration at Pomona, Donny Lu decided in his sophomore year to major in physics, finishing his degree requirements in a year before heading to Caltech for a 3/2 program in engineering. Now living in San Francisco, he has launched Dlab Sciences, a startup that aims to automate the tool-and die-making process to build hardware more economically.

Photo of a woman smiling against a hedgeIsha Raheja ’27
Passion: Environmentalism

As well as bringing a beehive to the Pomona College Organic Farm, Isha Raheja has secured a contract with LA Metro to provide all 5C students with free transit access. Raheja is also head of Recoop and the Free Room, which has diverted 27,546 lbs of waste—clothes, shoes, furniture, books—and redistributed them to students and community organizations.

Black and white photo of a young manDevansh Taliyan ’27
Passion: Entrepreneurship

At the age of 16, Devansh Taliyan introduced India’s first carbon-neutral soap, crafted by women from Mulshi Valley. At Pomona, he led the first student-run accelerator at Claremont Colleges. He has also developed apps to connect students with tutors; to encourage real-life encounters; and to help medical clinics get every dollar they are owed by insurance companies.

Building Hiki

Jamil Karriem, founder of the Hiki app

How (and why) a Pomona alum quit investment banking and launched a friendship and dating app for the neurodivergent community.

Portrait of a man sitting on a table

Jamil Karriem ’12 had just met up with his younger cousin for drinks and dinner at a trattoria in his hometown of South Orange, New Jersey, and he was worried. His cousin, with whom Karriem is very close, is autistic, and during their conversation he confided to Karriem that he was having a hard time finding friends and expressed fear that he would not be able to find a partner in life.

When he returned home that night to his brownstone in Brooklyn, New York, Karriem did some research. “What I found really terrified me,” he says. “Autistic adults were far more likely to report feelings of loneliness and far more likely to die by suicide. The research suggested it had nothing to do with neurological predispositions and everything to do with lack of access.”

Karriem decided to help. “At first I assumed I was going to Google some resources to text him, and that would be the end of it, but I just wasn’t able to find anything that I was comfortable sharing,” he says. “That sort of triggered my own educational journey.”

“Our users are seeking companionship, whether it be platonic or romantic. Also, the way neurodivergent brains often experience the world is that conceptually it wouldn’t even make sense to skip friendship to get to romance.” —Jamil Karriem

Pink logo with word HikiKarriem kicked some ideas around in his head that night and hit on the idea of creating a dating app for those with autism. Nine years later, the app Karriem first envisioned, Hiki (which means “able” in Hawaiian) has millions of downloads and half a million daily active users. In the process, Hiki has grown rapidly (it officially launched in 2019) and is now open to all neurodivergent persons. It’s expanded to be a combination friendship and dating app, which connects members interested in romance, but also includes a social media area for conversations. “Our users are seeking companionship, whether it be platonic or romantic,” says Karriem. “Also, the way neurodivergent brains often experience the world is that conceptually it wouldn’t even make sense to skip friendship to get to romance.”

Man reading newspaperAt the start, Karriem had little idea of what his new quest would demand. He was living in New York City, working in investment banking and already had a full plate, but he knew he was onto a possibly transformational idea. “I was working all day at my job, then developing the app from 10 until 2 in the morning. Rinse and repeat,” he says. “I’m a non-technical founder—I don’t write code—which is more common now than it was then, but I know how to design with empathy and I know how to bring a product to market.”

Puzzle With 1,000 Pieces

Before designing an app, Karriem first had to learn more about people with autism. “I was dealing with a sample size of one, my cousin, and so I started reaching out to more autistic adults to learn what they were experiencing.” Karriem asked friends and family and contacted any organization he could find that worked with autistic adults to see if they knew people who would speak with him about their lives. In total, he conducted more than 1,000 interviews.

His sociology degree was a major asset. “This was all qualitative data. Shout-out to Pomona College, and to my professor, Dr. Gilda Ochoa, who was my advisor and taught me all those skills.”

“We were updating and implementing what the community wanted. Sometimes we were adding new features every day.” —Efstathios Ntonas, Hiki CTO

Contrary to the typical tech startup, where developers first seek deep-pocketed investors, Karriem instead first funded his project by emptying his savings account. From there he raised $5,000 in a pitch competition, and another $10,000 at a second pitch competition. “At the second one there was a venture capitalist who just happened to see my pitch. He wasn’t part of the competition,” says Karriem. “After I won, he took my card and then cut a check for $100,000. That’s when I quit my job. Now we’re a pretty traditional venture capital-backed startup and have raised about $5 million to date.”

The development and growth process for Hiki was relentless. Karriem and Efstathios Ntonas, the chief technology officer at Hiki, responded to new needs and ideas for the app, almost in real time. “We were updating and implementing what the community wanted,” Ntonas says. “Sometimes we were adding new features every day.”

Unique App for a Unique Group

The abundance of features and options built into the app are all part of Karriem’s goal to give users the power to customize the app as they wish, and the staff of seven at Hiki, who are also all neurodivergent, are always listening.

Hiki app shown on smart phone“We’ve built the tools to enable people to do things their own way, which is all that neurodivergent people have ever really wanted—to be supported to do what we know is right for us and be guided along the way in case things go a little wrong,” says Sef Cavendish, community moderator and user outreach coordinator. “The famous phrase is, if you’ve met one autistic person, you’ve met one autistic person. We are all so different, even though we have a lot of similar traits that have led to the construct of us sharing the same diagnosis.”

“Giving individuals control over their unique experience honors the reality that no two neurodivergent people are alike.” —Jamil Karriem

Ntonas says he more or less retains the code for the app in his head. He is tasked with implementing the massive array of controls for users and can tell right away if a change will conflict with the functionality of the site. Ntonas says the complexity is a challenge, but worth it to make the user experience of the neurodivergent community that use the app more comfortable. “There’s no part of the app that users can’t put their hands on and control.”

That is not a trivial aspect of the plan, Karriem explains. “Some things are so customizable that it can feel excessive compared to other platforms. Other details may feel redundant. We make counterintuitive decisions all the time based on our community’s input. Giving individuals control over their unique experience honors the reality that no two neurodivergent people are alike.”

Turquoise circle with a smiley faceHiki has enjoyed booming growth since its debut—Karriem estimates the user base has doubled year over year—and those on the app have responded positively. One user, a 52-year-old with autism, said Hiki had helped them break an extended cycle of isolation. Another said, “I’ve talked to more people in two hours on here [Hiki] than I have in the past 10 years probably.” Karriem has received notes from users saying they met their current spouse on Hiki. “We will be forever grateful for what you made possible,” wrote one, announcing their upcoming wedding.

Looking Inward

As part of the discovery process, Karriem learned about his own ADHD, which had been veiled to him throughout his life. “I began to think about things I struggle with. I never understood why someone changing plans at the last minute would give me extreme anxiety. When I was a kid it could lead to an outburst,” he says. “I learned coping mechanisms, but then you realize, wait, my neurotypical friends don’t have to sit alone in a dark room after they socialize. I’m just a little different.”

Says Cavendish: “In Jamil, we have somebody that took a risk and created something from a place of care for a community he didn’t even realize was his own yet. We’ve been through so many big waves that have almost broken up this boat, but we’re still here. Jamil got us through.”

On principle the company leaves money on the table that other tech firms don’t. “We don’t run ads on the platform because they’re overstimulating, we don’t track user data, and every single core feature is available completely for free,” says Karriem. “People are meeting the love of their life, and they’re meeting their best friend, or they’re finding somebody that they can talk to.”

Man walking a dogHiki workers are all remote and stay in touch with a virtual meeting each morning, and Karriem has one-on-one meetings with each employee every two weeks. A typical day for Karriem begins with a 6 a.m. walk with his dog, Money (a rescue dog and likely a chihuahua mix) around his Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood in central Brooklyn, followed by several hours of focused work before a trip to the gym mid-morning to work out. Afternoons he typically works in a remote office, doing Zoom calls or other tasks, or he may head in to Manhattan for an in-person meeting before returning home for dinner. “I’m a huge cook, and I’m also Jamaican, so I typically make a lot of Caribbean food.”

Pomona Homecoming

During the spring semester, Susie Wise, innovator in residence at The Hive, and author of the book Design for Belonging: How to Build Inclusion and Collaboration in Your Communities, asked Karriem to join her Advanced Human-Centered Design course. “I think it was really interesting for them to get to both meet Jamil as an entrepreneur but also understand how he’s really paying attention to these deep human needs of the users on his platform, which is about making human connections,” says Wise. “So it had a really nice resonance with our using human-centered design practices.”

The class examined a Hiki feature called Match, a tool for users that helps them find people with whom they could be compatible as friends or partners. “The challenge was to reimagine it, and there were lots of interesting implications. There were four project teams, and they all built stories of ways that Match could work differently. So they built those and shared them with Hiki,” says Wise. “I think this is also a great full-circle moment when students get to work on a real-world challenge that’s brought to them by somebody from Pomona.”

Man holding dog and smilingFor the final presentations by the class, Karriem returned to campus. It was the first time he had been back to Pomona in many years. “It was incredible. The campus is so beautiful and the energy so special. The relationships that I made on campus are still, to this day, the most important in my life,” he says. “Two of my best friends—Jesse Stoneman [’12] and Rahul Misra [’12]—married each other. They just had a baby and are literally raising her in the condo above two more of our best friends—Greg Wright [’12] and Nicola Parisi [’12]. The first person I ever met was Andre Shepley [’12] while high school seniors on prospective student weekend for students of color. We hit it off right away, were freshman roommates, and I was best man at his wedding. We’re brothers to this day.”

Karriem said the student work was excellent. “They were so full of vibrant ideas and strong opinions,” he says. “Having this outlet to teach, support and learn from the students gave me a new creative outlet that I absolutely loved.”

Harnessing the Power of Fusion

Alex Zylstra ’09 at Pacific Fusion where he works as a nuclear fusion energy scientist.

Alex Zylstra ’09 and Pacific Fusion are working to bring the energy that powers the sun’s core down to Earth.

Alex Zylstra ’09 at Pacific Fusion where he works as a nuclear fusion energy scientist.

Alex Zylstra ’09 at Pacific Fusion where he works as a nuclear fusion energy scientist. Photo courtesy of Nicola Parisi ’12

Bay Area startup Pacific Fusion is developing a new technology that fires powerful electric pulses in a millionth of an eye-blink, lighting up magnetized fuel to generate fusion energy.

And they’re doing it with the help of Alex Zylstra ’09, the small-but-growing company’s experiments lead. Already, they’ve made significant strides toward ultimately building a commercial reactor with this futuristic energy source.

“When I started out, the mentality in the fusion community was that this is still a research project. There’s this joke that fusion is always decades away,” Zylstra says. “That has actually changed a lot.”

Nuclear fusion, which involves smashing atoms together at high temperature and pressure, is the same kind of energy that has powered the sun for 5 billion years. Researchers have long dreamed of harnessing fusion on Earth, a lofty goal that might one day provide nearly limitless, nearly carbon-neutral energy around the world. “Fusion has always been a sort of holy grail thing,” Zylstra says.

Diagram comparing nuclear fission vs fusion, showing fission splitting a nucleus and fusion combining deuterium and tritium.

Illustrated comparison labeled “FISSION” vs “FUSION.” On the left, fission shows a neutron striking a “NUCLEO OBJECTIVE,” splitting it into smaller nuclei and releasing multiple particles labeled “NEUTRON.” On the right, fusion shows “DEUTERIUM” and “TRITIUM” combining to form “HELIUM,” releasing “ENERGY” and a “NEUTRON.”

Zylstra leapt onboard the fusion industry at a fortuitous time. Over the past few years, the fusion private sector has exploded in growth, transforming from a handful of hopeful startups into a multibillion-dollar industry promising to become the next big energy source, with the potential to join the ranks of other expanding clean energies, especially wind and solar. Pacific Fusion alone raked in $900 million in its 2024 funding round, one of the largest to date, and a sign of lofty expectations for commercial fusion.

Alex Zylstra ’09 at Pacific Fusion where he works as a nuclear fusion energy scientist. Photo courtesy of Nicola Parisi ’12

Zylstra’s career path has taken a few twists and turns, as he ventured from Pomona to national labs, and now to Pacific Fusion. The scientific and engineering challenges of making fusion a reality particularly excite Zylstra. “I’m also kind of a big sci-fi nerd, and it’s kind of a sci-fi problem,” he says, noting that Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s National Ignition Facility, where he previously worked, was used as a set for the 2013 movie Star Trek Into Darkness.

The prospect of nuclear fusion as a sustainable energy source comes as ongoing global warming brings devastating wildfires, floods, droughts and heat waves, while many countries struggle to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. “Personally, I’m passionate about developing new sources of energy, motivated by climate change,” Zylstra says, referring to it as “an enduring challenge for humanity.”

The United States, whose withdrawal from the Paris Agreement took effect in January 2026, previously pledged to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. That means leaving most remaining fossil fuels in the ground, while shifting to new energy sources. The clean energy transition is not without its own dilemmas, however, considering the environmental and health impacts of mining for rare earths and critical minerals, the intermittency of wind and solar energy, and the rapidly growing energy demands of the tech industry’s controversial AI data centers. But perhaps, eventually, fusion energy could play a major role in that transition.

Considering that no one can re-create the sun’s gargantuan gravitational forces on Earth, labs and fusion companies typically have two ways to produce fusion energy. Researchers first need plasma, an extremely hot gas-like matter where the atomic nuclei shed their electrons. To generate the plasma, researchers heat heavy hydrogen fuel—usually deuterium or tritium—to 100 million degrees Celsius or so and keep that fuel confined and compressed densely enough for fusion to occur. A typical fusion reaction fuses fuel particles into helium nuclei, and the excess mass turns into energy.

One of the main approaches to producing fusion involves magnetic confinement, using powerful magnetic fields to manipulate the plasma and maintain fusion reactions, in a doughnut-shaped reactor called a tokamak or one with a twisted structure called a stellarator. The other method, called inertial confinement, involves using powerful lasers or electric pulses to compress the fuel, igniting the plasma and producing a shock wave that enables fusion reactions. Zylstra is working on advancing that latter technique at Pacific Fusion. A few companies are also attempting to design hybrid approaches.

A rendering of Pacific Fusion’s reactor, which uses a method of creating nuclear fusion that employs electrical pulses to compress and heat the fuel.

Pacific Fusion’s method of creating nuclear fusion uses electrical pulses generated in pulsar modules to compress and heat the fuel. Capacitors discharge their energy toward the fusion chamber in the center.

A fusion company needs to create high temperatures for the fusion reactions, high plasma density and long confinement time, which refers to how long particles are confined within the plasma before losing their energy. Magnetic confinement focuses on producing long confinement times, while inertial confinement produces intense pressures to increase the density.

In Pacific Fusion’s approach, they start with a cylinder of fuel inside a pencil eraser-sized conducting metal container. They then drive a large electric current through it, which generates a magnetic field, and the electromagnetic interaction generates a force that compresses the fuel. It’s like a can crusher, except much more extreme, Zylstra says.

Alex Zylstra ’09 (right) with a colleague working on nuclear fusion. Photo courtesy of Pacific Fusion.

Nuclear fusion and nuclear fission sound similar, and both sometimes have associations with nuclear weapons research. (Almost all countries with multiple fusion startups also have nukes, with the exception of Germany and Japan.) But they’re rather different. Fusion refers to combining nuclei, while fission refers to breaking them apart.

For fusion, the reactions are hard to start and easy to stop, but for fission, it’s the opposite; when the reaction gets out of control, it leads to a meltdown, with safety and health risks that are well-known, thanks to the fallout of disasters like Chernobyl, Three Mile Island and Fukushima. Fission also requires environmentally harmful uranium mining and larger quantities of fuel, and it produces toxic waste that’s radioactive for millennia, while fusion only requires small amounts of tritium, which is only mildly radioactive.

As Zylstra sees it, fusion comes with some long-term challenges, such as limited global supplies of tritium for fuel, but overall, these considerations add up to huge advantages for fusion, if it can indeed become a bona fide energy source.

Keith LeChien, Pacific Fusion’s CTO and co-founder.

Keith LeChien, Pacific Fusion’s CTO and co-founder. Photo Courtesy of Pacific Fusion.

Fusion advocates got a massive boost from recent breakthrough experiments at Livermore that briefly produced more energy than was put in—more than 3 megajoules of fusion energy output with 2 megajoules of laser energy input—a milestone called scientific energy break even or fusion ignition. “The National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory succeeded in achieving ignition in 2022, in great part thanks to Alex,” says Hans Herrmann, Zylstra’s former mentor at Los Alamos National Lab and now a consultant for Pacific Fusion.

After that quantum leap, funding started streaming into fusion startups, with several new companies forming, including Pacific Fusion. Now that ignition has finally been demonstrated, Herrmann believes that fusion companies will be “putting electrons on the grid” well within 20 years. That may or may not come soon enough to matter for combating global warming, but it does appear to offer an improvement over some current energy sources.

*        *        *

A historic shift has begun to take place as private sector investment in nuclear fusion—recently surpassing $10 billion—could soon outpace government funding. Fusion has expanded from the academic experiment stage to a global proliferation of companies all racing to develop commercially feasible reactors. Zylstra’s career has mirrored that shift, as he has transitioned from academia to industry.

“I consider my career to be successful if I play a role in putting fusion power on the grid.”
—Alex Zylstra

Zylstra had his first laser research experience at Pomona, learning from and working with Dwight Whitaker, a professor of experimental physics and former chair of Pomona’s Department of Physics and Astronomy. “He was outstanding, really quick to pick up how everything works. It felt like working with a colleague,” says Whitaker.

As one of Whitaker’s first thesis students, Zylstra tried to advance experiments to turn gases into a unique quantum state called a Bose-Einstein condensate. At one point, he figured out how to build an electronic box, designed so that they wouldn’t accidentally burn their detector to a crisp with the high-powered lasers. But sometimes with experiments, things don’t work, Whitaker says.

“He had the right sort of mindset to get through those difficulties. You’ve really got to take your lumps, keep moving forward and keep trying things.”

Whitaker praises Zylstra’s career path. Working in national labs and in the fusion energy industry requires becoming a multidisciplinary physicist, engineer and people manager—a rare combination of skills that Zylstra possesses, Whitaker says.

Herrmann similarly highlights Zylstra’s experimental and computational skills, which transfer well to fusion energy R&D. “He’s well-rounded and can master just about any technical problem that’s thrown at him. He’s got the most creative and brilliant problem-solving capability of just about anyone I know,” Herrmann says.

After Los Alamos, Zylstra went on to Lawrence Livermore, where he collaborated with physicist Steven Ross ’03. Their work together included an award-winning research project published in 2024 that built on the previous burning plasma experiments at the National Ignition Facility. In particular, they demonstrated the importance of symmetry, since uniformly compressing the implosion improves how much energy can be produced by such fusion reactions. Ross also compliments Zylstra on his research style. “We’re lucky to have very talented people at the lab and he fit right in: very detail-oriented, meticulous, while executing these complex experiments,” Ross says.

As ongoing investment continues to super-charge the industry, many top researchers like Zylstra have gone from labs and major universities to join startups. For example, the biggest fusion company, Commonwealth Fusion Systems, spun out of MIT, and is focused on designing tokamak reactors. First Light Fusion came out of Oxford, using an approach based on somewhat similar technology as Pacific Fusion’s, and Thea Energy spun out of stellarator research at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.

*        *        *

For Zylstra, commercial fusion is feasible in the near future, but success depends on advancing along three dimensions: sound science that builds upon work done at national labs; a plausible path based on known technology and engineering; and, of course, viable economics. “At the end of the day, if you can’t make a power plant that produces energy at an economically competitive price, then what’s the point?” he says.

Nuclear Fusion
By The Numbers


100 million°C, the temperature reached by plasma in reactors necessary to overcome electrostatic repulsion.


Nuclear energy can theoretically generate 4 million times more energy per kilogram of fuel than burning coal or oil.


To confine the plasma, some fusion devices generate electrical currents 10x a bolt of lightning (making it arguably the most complex machine ever built).


Fusion reactors use special superconductors that create compact magnetic fields by operating at roughly -196°C … which is significantly colder than the liquid nitrogen doctors use to burn off warts and skin cancers.


Pacific Fusion is now building a demonstration system in Albuquerque, and by 2030 they aim to go beyond fusion ignition and achieve “net facility gain,” where they produce more energy than is stored in the entire facility—an effort that is being led by, among others, Zylstra. They’re also working on the commercial side of things, making their fusion system modular and affordable so that it becomes possible to mass manufacture fairly simple components for easily assembling power plants. Pacific Fusion aims to have its commercial plant online in the mid-2030s.

Ultimately, a few fusion companies may find ways to successfully and economically generate energy. “It is important to have multiple efforts going, including Pacific Fusion. You never know exactly where the most perfect solutions to the engineering challenges will be,” says Keith LeChien, Pacific Fusion’s CTO and co-founder.

Other companies have similarly ambitious goals. Commonwealth Fusion wants to have its first commercial plant built and running in Richmond, Virginia, in the early 2030s. Helion Energy’s target for putting electricity on the grid is as soon as 2028. These facilities are designed to have an electricity generating capacity in the range between 50 and 400 megawatts, enough to power tens of thousands of households (or a single large data center). The race is on, even if some of these timelines turn out to be a little unrealistic.

In the meantime, other sectors of the clean energy industry have been growing. Solar and wind energy capacity continue ramping up, despite federal government recent attempts to undermine them, and they’re projected to provide most non-nuclear energy in the United States by 2050, with significant energy contributions also coming from hydropower, fission and geothermal sources. As efforts continue to advance a clean energy transition within the next decade or two, could Pacific Fusion and others in the industry transform energy generation with fusion?

“Personally, I consider my career to be successful if I play a role in putting fusion power on the grid,” says Zylstra.

Meeting of the Minds

Professor of Economics Fernando Lozano with Alice Dantas ’26.

Pomona’s academic offerings have increasingly crossed disciplines to address the critical issues of our time.

For a class that starts before many students have grabbed their morning coffee, discussion is lively at 8:10 a.m. on a Thursday in Carnegie 214. At the whiteboard, Fernando Lozano, Morris B. and Gladys S. Pendleton Professor of Economics, is encouraging the participants in his Economics and Film class to tie together the economic findings of an academic paper with the character arc in the Academy Award-winning film Moonlight.

“What is the relationship between toxic masculinity and economic outcomes?” Lozano asks. Before this session is over, discussion will have incorporated concepts from media studies and psychology as well as economics.

What happens Tuesday and Thursday mornings in Lozano’s class and hundreds of others across campus is a far cry from the earliest days of the College. When Pomona began instruction 138 years ago, undergrads in the new “College Department”—all three of them—could choose among Greek, Latin, mathematics, science, English, German, drawing and painting, piano, harmony and music theory. (This in the year 1888, that included a presidential election and a battle over tariffs. Sound familiar?)

Professor of Economics Fernando Lozano with Alice Dantas ’26.

Professor of Economics Fernando Lozano with Alice Dantas ’26.

Today, Pomona’s academic offerings—more than 800 courses across 48 majors—reflect the College’s commitment, as articulated in its Strategic Vision, to address Grand Challenges—to ask big questions and solve big problems.

Those issues don’t fit into the neat, traditional subject-area silos common a century ago. So, over the years, majors have emerged that cross—even fuse—disciplines. A lot of the newer programs end in “Studies,” such as American Studies, Late Antique-Medieval Studies, Gender and Women’s Studies.

Others include the conjunction “and,” as in Science, Technology and Society.

The Art and Science of Optics


A visitor at the Benton Museum of Art at Pomona College kneels to view a 19th-century Religious Festival Viewing Theatre.

A visitor at the Benton Museum of Arts Captured Vision exhibit at Pomona College kneels to view a 19th-century Religious Festival Viewing Theatre.

Collaboration among three seemingly unrelated disciplines—physics, studio art and art history—not only resulted in a popular course: Physics 16: The Art and Science of Optics. It also led to a four-month exhibition at the Benton Museum of Art.

“Captured Vision—Optics in Early Modern European Art” ran from November 12, 2022, through March 26, 2023. It encompassed works from 1500–1800, a time when interdependence between art and science led to the discovery of new ways to represent the three-dimensional world in two dimensions.

“The class covered perspective and other areas of inquiry, as well as refinement of technologies of vision, such as the microscope and telescope,” says Victoria Sancho Lobis, Sarah Rempel and Herbert S. Rempel ’23 Director of the Benton Museum and associate professor of art history. “Most crucial was the evolving understanding of optics—how visual perception works in anatomical and theoretical terms. Through the development of mathematical perspective, artists contributed to the development of the science of optics.”

The exhibit included works by artists such as Albrecht Dürer and Paul Vredeman de Vries, perspective boxes, an early 16th-century panel painting—a gift from the Samuel Kress Foundation—and a camera obscura, a device that may have helped artists of the time to achieve near-photographic precision in their work.

Watch this video from the Benton Museum of Art about what it means to be a teaching museum:

To Be a Responsible Citizen

One of the “and” majors first appeared in the Pomona catalog in 1987 but has its roots at Oxford University a century ago. There, “students had been expected to read ‘the Greats,’” says Eleanor Brown ’75, James Irvine Professor of Economics. “But the Great War had brought great change, and people were thinking, ‘What do you really need to study to be responsible citizens and leaders in the modern world?’” Says Brown: “Their answer was philosophy, politics and economics, and this shift to PPE—‘the Greats without Greek’—made an Oxford education more accessible to women and to middle-class men who had not had an opportunity to learn ancient Greek.

“Philosophy, Politics and Economics brings together disciplines that have gone off in different directions but are worth tying back together,” Brown says. She adds that it is especially appealing for pre-law, graduating alumni who know how to “write, argue and keep up with economists.” PPE alumni include Conor Friedersdorf ’02, staff writer at The Atlantic.

Chris Hussey  ’26

Chris Hussey ’26

Chris Hussey ’26 says that he used to buy into the idea that economics is quantitative, politics is institutional and philosophy is humanities oriented. As he’s progressed through the PPE major, though, he’s learned it’s never that simple. “Every major political thinker I know was also a philosopher, or every major economic writer was also a political thinker.”

The PPE major, Hussey says, “is a beautiful overview of the way three pillars of human thought interact with each other.” A course in philosophy of law showed him that he really enjoyed grappling with judicial and legislative questions. So, “why not pursue law school?” he concludes. “That’s definitely where I think I’m headed.”

An International Approach

By the time PPE was hitting its stride at Pomona, the International Relations major was already attracting students who aimed for careers in diplomacy, conflict resolution or international development. “IR started in the 1960s as a pretty conventional program mixing politics, history and economics with a strong U.S. foreign policy focus,” says Pierre Englebert, H. Russell Smith Professor of International Relations, professor of politics and current Oldenborg faculty fellow.

Pierre Englebert, H. Russell Smith Professor of International Relations and Professor of Politics; Oldenborg Faculty Fellow

Pierre Englebert

Now Englebert, from a perspective covering 28 years of the department’s history, notes that the program has evolved to incorporate not only the original three disciplines, but sociology and anthropology as well, with requirements in both quantitative and qualitative methods. Students are also required to study abroad and gain proficiency in at least one language.

“IR majors are curious, open-minded, altruistic and usually join IR because they have a personal or family international profile. Or they want to work in development, conflict resolution, diplomacy or a related field,” says Englebert. Alumni have worked as foreign correspondents and in international development, law and even AI model training and content evaluation.

Adam Cox ’14 still keeps in touch with Englebert, whose IR classes helped him understand development and politics in
Africa. “At the heart of international relations is the notion of relative power,” he says. “As a European who studied in the United States and now lives in Africa, I continue to think a lot about the components of power, be it in the past, the present or the future.”

Eleven years after studying abroad in Senegal, Cox is an entrepreneur in the West African nation. With a partner, he’s already built and sold a million-dollar business and is now building a distribution company focused on agriculture chains across Francophone Africa.

“We need leaders—perhaps especially ones in the United States—who understand the world as a whole,” Cox says, something that is key to the study of international relations at Pomona. “Progress on global issues like climate change, human rights and inequality will only ever be possible through intelligent leadership with a keen understanding of international relations,” he says.

Multiple Perspectives

Chris Chow ’26,

Majors: Theatre and Economics

I came to Pomona knowing I wanted to study theatre. I’ve performed my whole life, through youth programs outside of school, public speaking competitions and theatre productions, and it’s always been something I loved.

Economics came later. I took Microeconomic Theory with Associate Professor Kyle Wilson and was immediately fascinated by the way he explained economic thinking. It completely changed how I thought about the world, how incentives shape behavior and how decisions are made.

Theatre and economics encourage very different ways of thinking, and having both has helped me approach problems from multiple perspectives. Theatre pushes me to think creatively and empathetically, while economics encourages analytical thinking about incentives, systems and decision-making. Combining them has made me a more flexible thinker.

Some people might think theatre wouldn’t help with a corporate career, but in reality, it has helped tremendously. Theatre teaches you how to communicate clearly, present yourself confidently and work closely with a team, all skills that translate directly into the professional world. It’s also been really special to be part of two different communities at Pomona.

Ultimately, I want to work in a space where theatre and business intersect. I care deeply about both worlds. After graduation, I’ll be working at AlphaSights [a company providing knowledge on demand to clients] in New York City, which will allow me to build strong business and strategy experience. Long term, I hope to end up somewhere that combines the creative world of theatre with the business side of the arts.

Chris Chow ’26 (center) in the Fall 2026 production of Yoga Play by Dipika Guha.

Chris Chow ’26 (center) in the Fall 2026 production of Yoga Play by Dipika Guha.

Policy-Focused

Cox majored in Public Policy Analysis (PPA), which, like PPE and IR, draws on multiple disciplines, but the students it attracts have as their main interest “changing the world for the better,” says Lozano, PPA coordinator. “They have a great ability to empathize and to work with other people to try to make somebody’s life better.”

The major, first offered at Pomona in 1980, offers 11 concentrations ranging from biology to sociology, and the senior seminar often brings together unusual pairings. For example, Lozano says, “I have a PPA-geology major who interacts with a PPA-psychology major. They learn from each other and cross-pollinate ideas.”

Camille Green  ’26

Camille Green  ’26

When Camille Green ’26 came to Pomona, she expected to major in something quantitative, such as economics or math. A summer internship in (now former) Congressman Colin Allred’s office helped her discover an interest in politics and community oriented endeavors. “I found the PPA major, which allowed me to take a more policy-focused approach to economics and combine my quantitative skills with a richer academic experience in public policy,” she says.

She is also double majoring in French.

Green’s favorite course has been David Menefee-Libey’s Policy Implementation in which each student writes a case study of a California policy of their choice. “You really dig into what ‘policy analysis’ actually means in practice,” she says.

“What has guided my path so far is a desire to do work that gives back to my community and makes a meaningful social difference,” says Green. “I think that is what draws a lot of students to the PPA program.”

Building Sustainability

One of Pomona’s newer multidisciplinary majors began as a response to climate change concerns that could not be addressed by just one discipline. In 1996, interested faculty formed the Environmental Science/Studies Interest Group to explore possibilities for a new program. Participants included professors from anthropology, art and art history, biology, chemistry, economics, geology, mathematics, Russian and German studies, sociology and theatre.

The first course in what would become the Environmental Analysis (EA) major was offered in 1999, but launching a new program coherently, across so many disciplines, proved to be a challenge. The leadership of Richard Hazlett, now emeritus professor of environmental analysis and geology, along with funding from the Pauley Foundation, helped solidify the new program, offered with faculty drawn from across the 5Cs.

Char Miller, W.M. Keck Professor of Environmental Analysis and History, says that no single type of student is attracted to the program. It offers two tracks—Environmental Science or Environment and Society—and multiple course plans within them. One of the largest is Sustainability and the Built Environment “because students want to get their hands on problems and issues facing the world in planning, policy, architecture and design,” he says, noting that it came about because of student demand.

Aerienne Russell ’12 says she’s always been drawn to nature and being outdoors. Living in Claremont, “I started to get curious about why our built environment was designed the way it was,” she says. “I saw a lot of friction between the ‘nature world’ and the ‘human world’ and wanted to contribute to transforming that relationship to be more sustainable.”

Today, Russell is production manager of outreach and engagement at CicLAvia in Los Angeles, an organization that produces open street events, transforming streets into public parks for a day.

“Now more than ever we need dreamers to become leaders,” Russell says. The EA major “prepares students to be thought leaders and to imagine a better world to be possible.”

Technology’s Impact

Another multidisciplinary program, like EA, also extends across the 5Cs. Science, Technology and Society (STS) incorporates the lenses of history, philosophy and social science to explore the impact of science and technology on the world.

Adelina Grotenhuis ’28 came to Pomona conflicted about whether to major in biology or philosophy. Then she found the STS program and realized it would allow her to connect her interests in the humanities and STEM subjects.

Physics lab at Pomona College

Physics lab at Pomona College

“What I learn in STS transforms the way I think about knowledge and leaves me constantly curious about our rapidly changing world,” says Grotenhuis. She is already incorporating it as a leader for the College’s chapter of The Luddite Club, which, she says, “inspires students to form healthy relationships with technology and creates a phone-free environment to be with others every week on Marston Quad.”

After graduating, Grotenhuis envisions an international career, perhaps in science education and communication and exploring technology’s impact on mental health.

Doubling Up

A growing number of students create their own multidisciplinary course of study by pursuing a double major. Since 2021, the number of graduates completing two majors has nearly doubled, representing 18 percent of the Class of 2025.

It’s not an easy path, and Pomona faculty recommend that students considering it work closely with their academic advisors. Chris Chow ’26 is double majoring in economics and theatre. “I knew I couldn’t just choose one major because I wanted to explore both at a deep level,” he says. “If there are two subjects you’re passionate about, it can be incredibly rewarding.”

Aditya Bhargava ’26 is one such double major. Originally from Beirut, Lebanon, with roots in India, the United Kingdom and Switzerland, he is majoring in international relations and economics.

“Growing up across so many different countries gave me an inherently international lens,” he says. “IR felt like that natural academic home for that background—a place to ground lived experience in theory.

“Regional dynamics, political history, institutional fragility—these are things IR handles in ways that pure economic modeling often can’t,” Bhargava continues. “The double major lets me hold both: the analytical rigor of economics and the contextual depth of IR.”

Bhargava aims for a career in international economic policymaking at an institution such as the World Bank or in consulting. “Both majors directly support that path,” he says. “Economics gives me the technical tool kit, while IR sharpens my understanding of the political and regional contexts in which policy actually operates.”

Both Sides of the Coin

Liam Bayer Jr. ’27

Majors: Computer Science and International Relations

Liam Bayer Jr. ’27

Liam Bayer Jr. ’27

Initially came into college with a broad interest in international relations, in analyzing political authority across the globe through the lenses of history, politics and economics. Then, in my first semester at Pomona, the Chinese language resident and department faculty welcomed me with open arms, and my ID1 professor got me hooked on screening foreign films out of Oldenborg’s underground International Theater. During my junior year I studied abroad in China, improving my Mandarin and becoming thoroughly acquainted with Chinese culture and society.

My peers encouraged me to take a swipe at computer science. The culmination was a summer research project in Associate Professor Eleanor Birrell’s Data Privacy & Security research lab. Since then, I have studied data privacy in the contexts of the European Union, China and India.

My two majors look at human relationships across different mechanisms we use to organize ourselves, be it actors like states or technologies like the World Wide Web. Living in a globalized world amid the information age, it’s hard not to see the connection between these fields. Thorough study in both disciplines gives me the tools to work in and understand both sides of the same coin.

In high school, I vaguely imagined a career in the U.S. Foreign Service. Ironically, it was through computer science, rather than international relations, that I made it in. At the end of my sophomore year at Pomona, I secured a Foreign Affairs Information Technology Fellowship. I will serve abroad as a diplomatic technology officer for the U.S. Department of State after graduation.

Alternate Lenses

Beyond multidisciplinary programs, professors are developing classes that fuse sometimes surprising pairs of disciplines that, when taught in tandem, exponentially expand student horizons.

Physics Professor Dwight Whitaker and Victoria Sancho Lobis, associate professor of art history and Sarah Rempel and Herbert S. Rempel ’23 Director of the Benton Museum, periodically teach The Art and Science of Optics. Typically, 40 or 50 students vie for the 12 available spots in the class.

Described as covering “historical and current understandings of the science of optics experienced through the prism of the visual arts,” the course examines ways that art and science are more closely intertwined than our modern minds might imagine.

Students read texts in art history. They do drawing exercises with a studio artist to understand how observation leads to pictorial representation. And they learn in the physics lab how lenses work and how images can be made using lenses.

In keeping with the Pomona mantra to try things out, the only prerequisite, says Lobis, is “demonstrated interest in learning more about the field of knowledge that you’re least comfortable with.”

The Humanities Studio brings together Pomona students and faculty to enrich interdisciplinary study of the humanities. It also builds connections between the humanities and the social and natural sciences through a fellowship program—which brings students, postdocs and faculty together in dialogue every Friday around an annual theme. It also sponsors a speaker series and professional development events such as workshops on writing op-eds and publishing with a scholarly press.

Kevin Dettmar, W.M. Keck Professor of English and founding director of the Humanities Studio, says that vocabularies in particular disciplines exist for a reason—efficiency of communication. Conversations in the Humanities Studio, he says, “help us to understand what a question looks like when approached from a different set of assumptions and methodologies.”

“It’s difficult work and the outcome is hard to predict,” Dettmar says. “But it’s pretty magical when it happens.”

2025 introductory dance class held by John Pennington

2025 introductory dance class held by John Pennington

Pomona has come a long way from its original nine disciplines. In its constantly evolving curriculum, new avenues for academic fusion continue to take shape.

One of the most significant new initiatives is about to take a tangible form. In a historic move that will significantly increase opportunities for cross-disciplinary learning, the College will soon begin construction of the new Center for Global Engagement (see story on page 12). It will be a hub for addressing the Grand Challenges facing our world through many lenses, as the College envisions.

One thing will remain certain in the years ahead: Pomona’s academic lineup will hardly resemble its 1888 form.

But their passion for impacting the world will continue to drive our students, and inspire their faculty mentors, as they prepare for the world that they will soon enter and that their generation will ultimately lead.

Science Takes the Stage

Kaitlyn Casimo  ’13 visiting Claremont for a talk at CMC in Spring 2026

Kaitlyn Casimo ’13 draws on her background in both neuroscience and theatre to explain science.

Kaitlyn Casimo  ’13 visiting Claremont for a talk at CMC in Spring 2026

Kaitlyn Casimo  ’13 visiting Claremont for a talk at CMC in Spring 2026.

Kaitlyn Casimo arrived at Pomona in 2009 planning a double major in biology and theatre. She thought of herself as a science person, fascinated by animal behavior, human-animal interactions and climate change. As a teen, she had volunteered at her local zoo talking about global warming in the shadow of the polar bear exhibit. She didn’t yet know that explaining science would become her career.

In the fall of her sophomore year, Casimo enrolled in Introduction to Neuroscience, taught by Jonathan Matsui—now at Harvard. Pomona, she notes, was one of the earliest colleges to offer this major. That matters to her now, because working with undergraduate neuroscience programs is a part of her daily mission.

She attended graduate school at the University of Washington and thought she wanted to be a teaching faculty member at a college like Pomona. But her plan shifted. As a grad student, she began doing a substantial amount of science communication work, as well as behind-the-scenes education outside of the classroom, including curriculum design. By the time she was finishing her doctorate in neuroscience, she knew she was headed toward a role in science communication or education.

Of Cyborgs and Space Colonies

In her downtime, science communicator Kaitlyn Casimo loves to geek out on sci-fi and science-related books and TV shows. Here are her top five picks:


The Murderbot Diaries series, Martha Wells

About a cyborg who has gained autonomy and uses its freedom to watch soap operas, have anxiety and eventually make friends. (It’s a comedy!) The supporting cast of scientists reflect real scientists’ personalities and group dynamics. Now also a TV show.


Stories of Your Life and Others, and Exhalation, Ted Chiang

Short story collections that dig into the implications of science and technology on life. Many of the stories are cautionary tales, and all of them have a huge amount of heart. One of the stories is the basis for the movie Arrival.


Lady Astronaut series, Mary Robinette Kowal

After a meteor strikes Earth causing massive global warming, NASA accelerates its efforts to set up human space colonies. The story follows a female astronaut dealing with sexism, racism and anti-space-travel activists while contending with the challenges of space.


Vinegar Girl, Anne Tyler

A retelling of The Taming of the Shrew set at a biomedical research lab at Johns Hopkins. Of course I’m going to pick the book that has both science and theatre in it!


Call the Midwife TV series

In a poor neighborhood of London, the midwives provide maternity and general health care and a huge dose of community support from their scrappy clinic. Every episode, infused with real health and medicine, centers on women’s science expertise.

Today, leading a nine-member team, Casimo helps people use open science data from Seattle’s Allen Institute to do their own work and to educate the next generation of scientists. The institute was created by former Microsoft executive Paul Allen, who dedicated much of his philanthropy to accelerating science discoveries.

Her team’s focus is open science: the practice of making scientific data, publications and software publicly accessible, and helping educators, students and working scientists dig deep and fully use those resources. Open science also encompasses open education, citizen science and community science projects. All of these are science—but carried out outside of the walls of research institutions.

In a full-circle moment, more than a decade after listening to Matsui talk about neuroscience at Pomona, Casimo co-authored a research study in 2023 about how to educate undergraduates in the Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education. Her paper outlines how to create a student project around an open data set of neuron cells, encouraging the students to use statistical analysis.

Her team at the Allen Institute does everything from training scientists to running field trips for high school students. As leader of the program, Casimo is a frequent science communicator. She may appear on the local news, or speak at a science night for the public, using zombies to speak about motor control and other parts of the brain. She sees communication as built by skill practice, not as an innate talent.

Kaitlyn Casimo ’13 leading a group at the Allen Institute’s inaugural teacher academy in 2023.

Kaitlyn Casimo ’13 leading a group at the Allen Institute’s inaugural teacher academy in 2023.

Casimo is direct about the challenge of the moment. “If we don’t go speak up for science,” she says, “then it’s the people who don’t care about accuracy who are speaking about science.” Scientists, she finds, tend to argue that the work should speak for itself. Or they may default to fun facts when doing outreach, abandoning what she sees as the more crucial sharing of the process. She wants academics to talk about the joy of, say, reasoning your way through a messy set of data.

The scientist’s misconception when communicating, she says, is forgetting that science is a way of understanding the world.

Curtains, Cue Sheets and Calling the Show

Kaitlyn Casimo as Annie at around 8 years old.

Kaitlyn Casimo as Annie at around
8 years old.

Casimo’s theatre story opens when 4-year-old Kaitlyn takes the stage in a performance as Goldilocks.

During the performance, a flat—one of the set pieces propped along the back of the classroom—began toppling toward the cast and her father grabbed it to save the day. Having survived that, she was hooked. She would go on to play Annie in a production of the musical, when she was about 8 years old. Musical theatre became a passion.

She chose Pomona specifically because she could be a science major and do theatre. She braided them together each day, often with coursework in the morning, lab in the afternoons and rehearsals and performances in the evening.

Two productions at Pomona stand out.

Kaitlyn Casimo  ’13 sitting on the main stage in Seaver Theatre.

Kaitlyn Casimo  ’13 sitting on the main stage in Seaver Theatre.

The first was the Henrik Ibsen play John Gabriel Borkman directed by the legendary Leonard Pronko, during her sophomore year. Casimo portrayed Borkman’s wife, her first encounter with what she calls “a classic piece of theatre.” Not knowing Ibsen’s place in Western history kept her from being intimidated. She still has that script, with comments from Pronko scribbled on. “Sit like a goddess,” he told her.

The second was not a performance at all. Fall of her senior year, she signed up to stage manage a production of Kindertransport, a play about the rescue of children from Nazi Germany. She had been working behind the scenes in theatre since she was a teen, doing run crew and costume crew on various shows. But stage managing a full play was different.

“Stage managing just changes your perspective,” she says, “because you’re looking at the whole thing.”

Casimo returns to the booth at Seaver Theatre.

Casimo returns to the ‘hot little booth’ at Seaver Theatre.

From a hot little booth, crowded with electronics for the lights and sound, she kept her vital notebook of every cue she had to manage.

That perspective, she would realize later, is exactly what reshaped how she thinks about science communication. A stage manager’s job is, at its core, about consistency and seeing the big picture. “Running a show as a stage manager is not entirely unlike running an experiment in a lab,” she says. “You have a set of steps you want accomplished in the right order. And it has to be the same every time.” Also, she points out, she is not intimidated by technology—which is lucky, because a stage manager is typically running three to five separate pieces of electronics at any given moment.

The communications work she does with scientists on how to talk about their research is heavily influenced by her theatre background—not just in obvious ways like stage presence and projection, but in the deeper sense of thinking about oneself, and the whole production team, as performers. “You are playing the role of a scientist talking about their work,” she explains. “What is your story arc? What is the set design of the place where you are having this conversation? What are the ways that the physical environment shapes perception.”

While she no longer seeks out performing roles herself, she loves the backstage life of theatre and still does some directing at a short theatre festival in Seattle.

Her biggest regret from college is that the senior seminar for theatre and the senior seminar for neuroscience conflicted. She would love to go back and add a theatre thesis and theatre major to her record.

The advice she would give her college self is a single sentence: Ask for help. The world, she has learned, is not as rigid as it sometimes appears. If you go ask someone to work something out, more often than not, they will.

Meeting of the Passions

Casimo sees both science and theatre as ways of exploring our relationship with the world—science by breaking things down into tiny pieces to understand the mechanisms, and theatre by examining how we interact with each other. “Ultimately,” she says, “both of them are asking: what is it about the world that makes this an interesting story?”

While she once identified first and foremost as a scientist, Casimo now embraces being an interdisciplinary person.

“I could not do what I do now if I had not done research myself,” she says. “That heavily informs the way that I talk about science.”

She’s at once a scientist and a science communicator and a theatre kid, and the kind of sci-fi nerd who just casually whips out a DVD of the original Star Trek in the middle of a conversation.

“I contain multitudes,” she says, laughing.

Food Beyond Fusion

Dishes from Archipelago. Photo by Jaclyn Warren.

Dishes from Archipelago. Photo by Jaclyn Warren.

Dishes from Archipelago. Photo by Jaclyn Warren.

Samuel Yamashita remembers clearly what happened when he mentioned the word fusion at a food panel at the annual meeting of the American Historical Association held in New York in 2009. “I think I got jeered,” says the Henry E. Sheffield Professor of History with a smile.

Fusion cuisine, a popular trend in the last decades of the 20th century—think sushi burritos, curry pizza—has long fallen out of favor with the culinary cognoscenti. But while the term itself has become a pejorative, the practice of blending techniques and ingredients from different food traditions is very much alive.

Yamashita has written extensively about early modern and modern Japanese intellectual and cultural history as well as Japanese and fusion cuisine and the new hyperlocal cuisines that have appeared in global cities along the Pacific Rim.

The author of Hawai’i Regional Cuisine and the forthcoming Chefs Don’t Talk and Other Kaiseki Writings, the first English-language anthology of kaiseki chefs’ writings, Yamashita has thoughts on why fusion matters and how it has evolved into an entirely new kind of cuisine.

Was there fusion before “fusion”?

Absolutely. We see it in China very early, between the third and eighth centuries when Central Asian foods, especially dairy products, were introduced to China. One doesn’t associate cheese and milk with East Asian cuisine, but they were consumed in China and in Japan, probably Korea as well, before the early modern period. That’s an instance of natural fusion.

A brilliant writer named Zilkia Janer has also written about the imposition of Spanish culture on the Caribbean and Central and South America, beginning in the 1600s. She talks about the fusion that resulted from Spanish rule, when meat and bread became more important in the diets of those places.

How did fusion cuisine change the food world?

The Franco-Japanese fusion that happened in the ’70s, ’80s and ’90s was really important because it opened the door to Asian cuisines that classically trained French chefs had formerly turned their noses up at. Important here were the nouvelle cuisine chefs who moved away from the rich, sauce-based cuisine classique. One result is that refined Japanese haute cuisine—kaiseki—has been recognized after several hundred years. And Buddhist vegetarian cuisine, which is over a millennium old, also can now be recognized.

Nouvelle cuisine also led to the New Nordic cuisine, which in turn opened the door to a resurgence of foraging and indigenous cuisines.

Why did fusion as a trend fail?

I think there was just a lot of bad fusion. People were overdoing it. Roy Yamaguchi, one of the founders of the fusion movement known as Hawai’i Regional Cuisine, put it this way: “A lot of chefs, when they don’t know what they’re doing, may put too many Asian ingredients into a sauce, and it really doesn’t go with what they’re trying to do as a whole…”

Are we seeing a re-emergence of fusion? Would the chefs you talk to call it that?

No, we’re two steps beyond the fusion cuisine that nouvelle cuisine enabled. Many chefs are now practicing what I call “culinary hyperlocalism.” Brian Hirata, an innovative chef in Hawai’i that I’ve written about, would be very uncomfortable if we brought up the word fusion. The multiplicity of techniques he uses reflects his cultural background. He’s of Japanese descent and was a culinary arts student and instructor, so he knows French and modernist techniques. He also has an interest in reviving Hawaiian food ways—gathering, fishing, hunting and foraging most of his ingredients himself.

Chefs like Jon Yao [head chef and co-owner of Michelin-starred Kato in downtown L.A.] and Aaron Verzosa [chef/co-owner of Seattle’s Archipelago] would say they are doing something unique that reflects their own position as children of immigrants and the family food they remember eating. Yao talks, for example, about what his mother cooked at home and how it represents her journey from Taiwan to Los Angeles. So, their fusion is an unintended byproduct. The powerful drivers are really diasporic immigrant community memories.

For Verzosa in particular it’s not just about food, it’s about Filipino culture and narrative. For chefs all over the world now, especially fine dining chefs who trained in France or the U.S., narrativization has become very important—talking about oneself and one’s family. That’s something new. Everybody is searching for meaning and significance.

And they’re also looking at food and its relationship to a particular food shed—the local area where the food is sourced. When French cuisine was utterly dominant, French ingredients were imported everywhere—to the tropics, to America. But as one chef in Hawai’i put it, “the days of the FedEx chef are over.”