Features

Unearthing the Volcanoes

nikki moore field
Geology professor Nikki Moore took a team to the “exposed granites” of the White Mountains, nestled in the Sierras.

Geology Professor Nikki Moore took a team to the “exposed granites” of the White Mountains, nestled in the Sierras.

The sun is setting over the White Mountains an hour west of Nevada as Visiting Assistant Professor of Geology Nikki Moore and Ruth Vesta-June Gale ’25 set up portable chairs some 8,000 feet above sea level.

Grandview Campground—where the two are staying this August weekend—is a certified dark sky location, a haven for stargazers and astronomy groups. From here, once darkness consumes the light, the Milky Way and other collections of stars dot the sky.

As Moore, Pomona visiting assistant professor of geology, and Gale relax after a day of collecting rock samples from ancient dikes, meteors sparkle overhead before darting south and vanishing into the horizon.

While most appear and disappear within seconds, one stays visible long enough for Moore to audibly gasp.

The brightest and longest shooting star she’s ever seen.

“There’s a connection I have with nature where I can have these special moments that stick with me for a lifetime,” she says.

For Gale, a geology and applied math double major, the three-day trip to the Lone Pine area marked her second year doing fieldwork with Moore. She says the chance to visit the White Mountains—one of the lesser-explored ranges in the Sierra Nevada region—for the first time this summer was too good to pass up.

“You think of mountains and [that] they’re big, but it’s something else when you’re hiking on them,” Gale says. “We had some remote dikes we were trying to access, and they weren’t the worst hikes, but you’re off the trail so you don’t realize the magnitude of the mountains until you’re on them. It was satisfying to conquer them, to do science in this massive area.”

Lynn Robinson, Nikki Moore and Ruth Vesta-June Gale ’25 at the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest in the White Mountains to see Methuselah, confirmed to be the oldest tree in the world (4,856 years and counting...)

Lynn Robinson, Nikki Moore and Ruth Vesta-June Gale ’25 at the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest in the White Mountains to see Methuselah, confirmed to be the oldest tree in the world (4,856 years and counting…)

Studying Dikes

Moore’s expertise combines her three passions: geology, teaching and nature. From collecting rocks as a child growing up in Nebraska to visiting the Rocky Mountains with friends as a teenager, Moore became equal parts fascinated with how immense mountains are and determined to understand how they came to be.

While an undergrad at the University of Nebraska at Omaha, Moore found herself a tutor for friends and peers. “I found that I had an innate sense of joy in sparking an interest for someone else and breaking down something complex to someone else and seeing their eyes light up with understanding and excitement,” she says.

Thanks to a roughly $200,000 National Science Foundation EMpowering BRoader Academic Capacity and Education (EMBRACE) grant, Moore traveled to the eastern Sierra, the White Mountains and the Benton Range this summer to explore dike swarms—the plumbing of magmatic systems found on Earth and other planetary bodies.

Moore’s field, geochemical and geochronological work on the dikes, blends teaching and research. It is a perfect fit for a grant program intended to give undergraduate faculty the time and means to step away from or reduce their teaching load to develop a robust research program.

Dike swarms “are the feeders for volcanic eruptions in a range of geologic settings,” she says, “and thus are the connection between magmas that are generated deep in Earth’s mantle and those that travel through the crust to be erupted at the surface.”

Because swarms exist from the deep geologic past, Moore says, they “can provide important evidence to help reconstruct the magmatic history of these regions.”

According to Moore, understanding the whole volcanic process—from how magmas first form in the “mantle,” then move through the crust and erupt at the surface—is imperative to learning how and why volcanic eruptions happen in different parts of the world.

Above, a rock that’s part of the massive Independence Dike Swarm, which extends more than 370 miles across California.

A rock that’s part of the massive Independence Dike Swarm, which extends more than 370 miles across California.

This summer, she planned three trips to the Sierra Nevada, each accompanied by different Claremont Colleges students. Together, professor and student hiked to dikes Moore targeted and mapped, collecting a compositional range of dike rock samples for lab analysis.

“What I really enjoyed about this experience is how much I could ask Nikki about what’s going on in the field,” Gale says. “I could toss around ideas with her and make sure I understood what’s going on and what the research is trying to prove.”

Studying the chemical composition of the samples they collected this summer will help the team confirm whether the Independence Dike Swarm is 148 million years old, as experts believe, or if the dikes started to emerge even earlier, as preliminary data suggests.

“My study is unique in that the dikes were the conduits through which volcanic eruptions were produced at the surface, during the time the whole Sierra Nevada arc was forming,” Moore says. “Those volcanoes that once existed are now eroded away, and the core of the Sierras are now the exposed granites.”

Sagehens in the Sierra

Pomona College geologists have long used the Sierra Nevada as a proving ground for many core concepts on how magmas form, crystallize and build the crust, says Jade Star Lackey, professor of geology and an authority on the region.

It’s about trying to help people spark their imagination—to be able to say, ‘That’s not just a static rock; that’a story.”—Professor of Geology Jade Star Lackey (left, with Nikki Moore)

Jade Star Lackey and Nikki Moore

Magmas produce igneous rocks, which can cool and solidify in one of two places: within the crust or erupted at the surface. The magmas that stall, cool and entirely solidify in the crust are plutonic rocks, such as granite.

Spanning some 24,000 square feet, the Sierra has 50 million years’ worth of different granites from all compositions, making it a mecca for geologists and geology students. A room on the first floor of Edmunds Hall is filled with salt-and-pepper granite collected from the Sierra Nevada over the years, each its own piece of Earth history.

“The rocks speak for themselves,” Lackey says, “but then there’s a Sagehen connection in terms of the scholarly research that’s happened on them.”

Sierra Nevada Stats

  • 3 national parks
  • 25% of California’s land area
  • 60% of California’s annual precipitation

Art Sylvester ’59, who taught geology for more than 35 years at the University of California, Santa Barbara, cut his teeth navigating the region’s ridges, canyons and terrain as an undergraduate at Pomona. Sylvester, who died in 2023 at age 85, later co-authored Roadside Geology of Southern California, a popular addition to the Roadside Geology series of books published by Mountain Press.

Allen Glazner ’76, professor emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also traversed the Sierra as a student and later, a professional, writing a series of books that includes volumes on Death Valley and Yosemite.

Glazner and Sylvester collaborated on the 1993 tome Geology Underfoot in Southern California.

“All the work they’ve done started by realizing just how much science could be done in the Sierras because of the sheer scale of it,” Lackey says. “It’s also important as an analog for a lot of other great granite terrains that form the Ring of Fire in Japan, Russia and Canada.”

Q&A with Professor of Geology Jade Star Lackey

Lackey first navigated the Sierra Nevada as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Decades and countless trips to the iconic mountain range later, Pomona’s chair of geology remains fascinated by the vast expanse of granite.

Q: What drew you to geology?

A: I’d always been around parents who liked to be outside. Because they lived in rural areas, they eschewed the urban existence. My father was a commercial fisherman so he lived on the coast, and we had enough areas of land where I could go explore. From an early stage I was watching the river and noticing the river change colors during the year. I always tell my students about my own introductory geology class, where a lot of it was intuitive because I’d had enough experiences. It was learning that there was so much more to learn; to teach my mind to see what’s in the rocks. Suddenly I became a storyteller where I can look at the layers in a rock and see an interruption in the layers as being a profound event. Fast forward to where I am now, and it’s about trying to help people spark their imagination—to be able to say, ‘That’s not just a static rock, that’s a story.’ Marcia Bjornerud, a professor at Lawrence University, says that rocks aren’t nouns, they’re verbs.

Q: Describe the student-faculty dynamic within Pomona’s Geology Department.

A: We have a lot of resources that other geology departments don’t have, so we can get students doing high-level research immediately. The department’s good at supporting the student who’s curious. If they can get their schedule clear, then they’re unlimited in what they can do. Some people are really good at spotting certain subtleties in an outcrop, whereas the big picture thinker might recognize how to hike around a field site looking for the contact between two granite bodies. You work with students in that regard to get a sense of how they think. It’s never about who can swing a rock hammer the hardest. There’s been a misconception of geology in the past where it was only bearded guys and solitude. We like to dispel that here. We’re a cooperative. If it’s making meals in camp or collecting and carrying samples back, all of that is part of the experience.

Q: Having been to the Sierra Nevada so often, what keeps fieldwork there fresh?

A: There’s this micro-Sierra that you’re always studying when you’re trying to understand the differences in the rocks, and then there’s the macro—the vistas, the Ansel Adams Sierra Nevada that people talk about. That part never gets old. I’m always on the move as a geologist. I’m not coming back to the same lake every year to fish. I’m off the main trail, so there are many places we go where people haven’t been in decades. We’ll find archaeological things and markers that were put there by shepherds or people before them. Those are the things that keep it fresh for me—just always asking new questions around the next mountain or ridge.

interview conducted by Brian Whitehead

Budding Geologists

At Pomona, Lackey and Moore are part of a Geology Department that draws students from across The Claremont Colleges fascinated by nature and the chance to study science outside the traditional biology and chemistry disciplines.

Little time is wasted getting these inquisitive minds into the field.

There is no substitute for hands-on experience, Lackey says, be it outside or in the lab. As thrilling as collecting dike and granite samples from the Sierra can be for one student, equal thrill can be found by another student in preparing a sample to examine under the microscope for years to come.

“There’s enough breadth of science in geology that it’s really appealing to students,” Lackey says. “It gives you the opportunity to practice all over the world if you want to. So often we go out there looking to answer science questions, but there’s so much we can do in the Sierra that brings the classroom alive.”

He says that students with the time to accompany faculty on multi-day trips are in high demand, and the breathtaking views of the Sierra are a good incentive. Between Yosemite, Sequoia and Kings Canyon, the scenery is second to none.

“There’s a lot of power in the landscape,” Lackey adds. “The rock falls we see, or the damage that an avalanche has done to trees that are snapped off, and the really big snow years we had a couple years ago—that’s the kind of stuff that’s stunning, and is why this is such a good place for both teaching and research.”

Khadi Diallo ’25 joined Moore for a July trek to Onion Valley. Their days began at 8 a.m. and ended by 3 p.m. due to the extreme heat occurring in the lower elevations of the Owens Valley region. In those seven hours, the two navigated as much of the mountain area as they could in search of rock samples.

“I was in constant awe of the mountains,” Diallo says. “There’s something particular about mountains, too, where you’re looking at them from a distance and feel both very big and very small. You come up to the mountains and realize the sheer magnitude of geology there.”

For Diallo, a geology major and California native, the six-day experience was as fulfilling as she expected. Joining Moore in the field helped Diallo connect the idea of geology mapping with how it’s used in the real world. Some geologists spend their entire careers mapping the Sierra, paving the way for easy sampling.

“It’s a lot of work built on that of other geologists,” Lackey says. “And that’s what makes the Sierra so good. It’s really well mapped. The quadrangles across the Sierra. I used those, and it was the names on those maps that I would then connect back to Pomona people.”

Moore, who used these extensive, pre-existing maps to plan and execute her fieldwork, likes to say she “stands on the shoulders of giants who did so much incredible work before us.”

A Quick Geology Glossary

Crust

the outermost layer of Earth, composed largely of silica and oxygen, making it light-/low-density compared to other more internal layers. It comprises the rocky surface upon which all life dwells.

Mantle

the middle and most voluminous layer of Earth, composed largely of silica, iron, magnesium and oxygen, in which most of Earth’s magmas are generated.

Magma

molten/liquid rock that cools to form igneous rocks, either within Earth as plutonic rocks, or erupted at the surface of Earth from volcanoes. Magmas can also contain mineral crystals that have cooled and solidified, gases such as water and carbon dioxide, and xenoliths, which are pieces of pre-existing rock that are accidentally incorporated into the melt.

Dike

a vertical intrusion of magma, that allows magma to move from deep in the mantle or crust to the surface. These pathways are created by pre-existing fractures in rocks. A dike swarm is a group of dikes that cover a wide area and often are similarly oriented or arranged in a particular geometry.

Fused rock powder

a rock that has been broken into small pieces, then ground into a powder, and then melted at 1000 °C (~1800 °F) to produce a glass bead for chemical analysis.

Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)

an analytical technique used to determine the abundance of particular elements in rocks, especially those that are in very small abundance (called “trace elements”); this technique is also used to measure the ratios of isotopes, which can be essentially used as clocks that record the formation age of rocks or their constituent minerals.

One With Nature

Moore savors the remoteness of being in the field.

While extroverted by nature, she finds truly special leaving the beaten path for secluded spaces where mountain ranges dwarf everything in sight.

“Very often I get this feeling of standing on a spot and possibly being one of the few human beings to ever stand there or trod across that particular region,” Moore says. “That’s what gives me this deeper connection with the places I go. It just makes the work more intimate.”

Very often I get this feeling of…being one of the few human beings to ever trod across that particular region. It just makes the work more intimate.”

—Visiting Assistant Professor of Geology Nikki Moore

Lackey, too, appreciates the novel terrain, smells and sights of the Sierra—though the bears have gotten boring, he must admit.

“When you hear a rockslide in the silence of the mountains it is simultaneously terrifying, but also profound,” he says. “We find human artifacts that are really old, way markers in places where nobody else travels.”

After relaxing and volunteering for much of the summer, Diallo says traveling with Moore to the Sierra Nevada “got my mind churning back to geology.”

Khadi Diallo ’25 near a dike sampling site at Onion Valley.

Khadi Diallo ’25 near a dike sampling site at Onion Valley.

Diallo even plans to incorporate her summer research into her senior thesis.

“As a geology student it’s good to get fieldwork into your repertoire,” she says. “It’s important to get a taste of it to see if it’s something you like—and I do!”

She’s not alone.

“I had a great time—mostly because of the unexploredness of it all,” Gale says. “The trip was a real-world application of all the tools I’ve studied so far in college.”

Pomona’s Place on the Planet

Miller in his backyard in Claremont, where he’s reintroduced Indigenous flora such as coastal sage biota, deergrass and an Engelmann oak.
Miller in his backyardin Claremont, where he’s reintroduced Indigenous flora such as coastal sage biota, deergrass and an Engelmann oak.

Miller in his backyard in Claremont, where he’s reintroduced Indigenous flora such as coastal sage biota, deergrass and an Engelmann oak.

Today’s view of the San Gabriel Mountains is a bit hazier than it was in 1901.

Today’s view of the San Gabriel Mountains is a bit hazier than it was in 1901.

Indigenous Grounds

2016: If you’re tall enough, and I’m not, you could peer out of the large, north-facing, four-pane window in the Digital Humanities Studio on the third floor of Honnold/Mudd Library and gaze on a striking tableau. In the deep background are the chaparral-cloaked, rough folds of the San Gabriel foothills that rise to Mount Baldy, the range’s visual apex.

Pull your eyes down to the foreground and a different view comes into focus. You’re looking at the Harvey S. Mudd Quadrangle, although few passersby see its fading metal name. They are on their way to somewhere else. Above that, what catches your vision are the towering stone pines and eucalyptuses, then a green sweep of lawn, establishing the x-and-y axis filled with other geometric shapes. Sidewalks radiate out at right angles from the library connecting pedestrians to Dartmouth Avenue on the west. Stately Garrison Theater is to the immediate north, and to the east, McAllister Center, and Scripps and Claremont McKenna colleges. Nothing is out of place. All grows according to plan. This built environment tightly structures the spatial dimensions of how we experience it.

Native buckwheat can be found all across campus.

Native buckwheat can be found all across campus.

1901: Fast backward 115 years, a difficult act of imagination that historic photographs can stimulate. Consider a black-and-white photograph shot at the corner of what is now College Avenue and 7th Street, roughly a block south of Honnold. The mountains are vastly more prominent in this more unstructured terrain. The dirt road barely intrudes as your eye is caught first by the snow-capped high country.

The Tongva call this rough ground Torojoatngna, the Place Below Snowy Mountain. It was carpeted with an apparently untrammeled coastal sage ecosystem. In the flatlands, there was buckwheat, sages, ephemeral wildflowers and grasses. The washes and creeks sustained oaks and sycamores. Rock-littered, with not a lot of shade, the landscape was open, capacious. There were even herds of pronghorn antelope. The Tongva and other Indigenous Peoples of Southern California used fire and other tools to manage resources that they wished to extract, including material they invested in their rituals and ceremonies, and that provided food and shelter. Notes biologist Paula M. Schiffman, “By manipulating the mix and abundance of the native plant and animal species present in the ecosystem, the Tongva were able to exert control over the vertical structure of the region’s vegetation and over a diversity of natural processes.”

This Indigenous landscape was more rapidly and enduringly modified when Spanish and later Mexican settler-colonists ran vast herds of cattle, sheep and goat in California’s inland valleys. In 1817, Rancho San Rafael in the present-day San Gabriel Valleya mere 20 miles to Claremont’s westhad nearly 2,000 cattle and hundreds of horses. Multiply those numbers across the region and it is little wonder these herbivores, in Schiffman’s words, quickly became the “dominant organisms” that allowed them to “govern the region’s ecological processes.” Converting coastal sage into grassland, as happened in what is now Pomona Valley, was a reflection of their dominance.

Both the Indigenous and Spanish/Mexican settler-colonist managed landscapes in turn were buried beginning with the post-Civil War Americanization of the region. The late 19th- century arrival of the railroad, and the land speculation and town-building schemes that followed, produced hardened roadbeds, gridded streetscapes, and a series of Victorian buildings that constituted Pomona’s early campus. Since then, The Claremont Colleges have constructed an environment that signals its distance from that earlier time and place. A plaque bolted in Pomona’s Smith Campus Center cheers the ecological conversion that began in the late 1880s: “the clearing away of underbrush, and the planting of roses and other flowers about the building, with an oval lawn in front … forced back the jackrabbits and rattlesnakes.”

The towering oaks that adorn”the Wash,”thirty acres of native landscape on campus.

The towering oaks that adorn”the Wash,” thirty acres of native landscape on campus.

2021: What would it take to reimagine the traces of that earlier biome? How might we peel back what the bulldozer flattened, shovel dug in, and the rake groomed? How might we re-see what we have rendered invisible? To make the past, present?”

Start with a trowel. It was the initial symbol of the student-led Ralph Cornell Society devoted to re-engaging with native plants. In the early 2010s, the organization collaborated with the college Grounds Department to plant sage, deer grass, baccharis, and buckwheat in place of grass, a re-indigenizing that dovetailed with campus water-reduction commitments. The department also reintroduced the endemic Engelmann oak, which had been logged out of the region a century earlier.

Often on my morning walks I’ll swing through campus to pay my respects to some of the more than 30 trees that add to the biodiverse canopy, flourishing in their native soil.”

Professor Char PortraitThese are small steps, to be sure, but they matter. Ethnobotanist and Tongva elder, the late Barbara Drake, made that case explicitly through her establishment of the Tongva Living History Garden, which has been an inspiration to many students and faculty.

This was among the influences that led my wife and me to transform our quarter-acre suburban lot one mile west of campus. When we purchased the home in 2009, we ripped up the St. Augustine lawn, and with the help of landscapers began to reintroduce coastal sage biota. Initially we planted bunches of deer grass as an evocative play on the now-departed sod; in the back, an Engelmann oak. While lizards loved the cover the grass provided, few other species did. So, as a second draft, we thinned out the long-stemmed grass, and planted different varieties of ceanothus, bitterbush, and buckwheat, and a Channel Island poppy and cherry. Clematis and morning glory are inching up the wooden fence that frames the backyard, and even a prickly pear refugee has taken root. Someone had tossed a pad over the weathered fence, and I troweled it into place. It has now stretched up and out, catching the sun’s rays.

On a recent afternoon, as I picked my way through the aromatic spring growth, jackrabbits and lizards scattered. An Anna’s hummingbird, like a sewing machine, darted around a blue-flowered Cleveland sage, and resting on a leaf while a pair of monarchs twirled into the air above, a mourning cloak. Chattering bushtits picked their way through oak and paperbark.

Home.


This second piece by Professor Miller spotlights Pomona’s two LEED Platinum dorms, first unveiled in 2011. The College has continued to make key strides in sustainability, with goals by 2030 to reach carbon neutrality and reduce its energy emissions 50 percent. Since 2014 Pomona has reduced its water use 45 percent, diverted waste at a rate of 52 percent.


Code Green

What do buildings mean? How do their volume, mass, and detail convey their subject and significance? How do their materials signal what we should see and think about their form and function? Should these structures stand for something?

The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) believes so. Since its founding in 1993, the nonprofit has been a relentless promoter of the idea that a building’s design should be as sustainable as possible, and that sustainability is a key index of its value and meaning. In 2000 USGBC created the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, an incentive-based metric that has become a Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval for architects and developers.

LEED serves as a way to keep score—the more points a structure earns toward certification, the more lustrous the medal bestowed. While there’s nothing wrong with securing Silver or Gold, Platinum is the ultimate benchmark, a shining example of how the construction industry might help make the world a more habitable place.

Or not. LEED’s many critics are wary of the system’s low bar for certification, arguing that it asks too little of its applicants, offering instead a grade-inflated set of outcomes that undercuts their value. Critics are also skeptical about LEED’s failure to require postconstruction assessment of how certified buildings function: are they as good as advertised? As efficient? As low impact? An even greater lack in the rating is an analysis of how people interact with these certified buildings in real-time. All that glitters is not gold. Or platinum.

Yet the debate is healthy, especially if it compels producers and consumers to ask sharper questions about the built landscape we inhabit, about why it looks, feels and operates as it does. I contributed a small bit to this larger discussion when I spoke at the dedication of Pomona’s two new dormitories in 2011, shortly after they achieved the highest level of LEED certification. They earned it, too; they’re not fool’s gold.

The college takes a lot of pride in these buildings and has posted online an extensive list of their more remarkable attributes. I want to point out one that speaks to my inner wonk—stormwater control. Hardly as sexy as the array of solar panels, lacking the cachet of the green roof and garden, and not nearly as cool as the energy efficiencies that are built into the halls’ every design element, the stormwater system is arguably more revolutionary.

To understand why, imagine a single raindrop hurtling down during one of Southern California’s furious late-winter storms. The moment it hits the ground, according to those who have engineered the Los Angeles basin since the late19th-century, it should be captured as quickly as possible behind a dam or in a ditch or culvert, then swiftly channeled into the concrete-lined Santa Ana, San Gabriel or Los Angeles rivers before being flushed ignominiously into the sea.

The construction of Pomona’s LEED Platinum dorms kicked off a decade of sustainability-minded initiatives.

The construction of Pomona’s LEED Platinum dorms kicked off a decade of sustainability-minded initiatives.

Some key numbers: The Sontag & Dialynas Halls

  • 36% less water use due to native, drought-tolerant landscaping and low-flow water fixtures
  • 50% less energy use thanks to high-efficiency energy systems and solar panels
  • 14% of the buildings’ energy comes from rooftop solar PV panels
  • 2,000 gallons of water heated by a solar-powered system for showers and handwashing
  • 100% of on-site rainfall captured to recharge the underground aquifer, at a rate of 7+ feet per hour

This complex system, designed to prevent flooding, has wreaked havoc with riparian ecosystems, destroying the once-robust regional runs of steelhead trout. It also has severely limited the capacity of nature to replenish local groundwater supplies—and we have compensated for this loss by expropriating snowmelt from as far away as the northern Rockies.

Pomona’s new dorms embody a smarter, locally framed approach. Any precipitation that falls within, or flows through, their catchment area will be retained onsite, and filtered down to a large underground detention basin in the alluvial wash that runs along the campus’ eastern edge. There it will slowly percolate into the aquifer, recharging the Pomona Valley’s groundwater. In so doing, these dorms benefit and befit their environment.

Yet will they be as integrative as human habitats? How will generations of students occupy them and make them their own? How will they respond to these buildings that teach sustainability every time they flick a light switch, open a window, or flush a toilet, but that also require their active participation to ensure its realization?

Pomona has asserted that sustainability is integral to its modern mission. One mark of its commitment has been the establishment of a Sustainability Integration Office—the middle word is of prime importance—that inculcates sustainable concepts into new construction and the rehabilitation of older facilities and infuses them into the college’s curricular goals and extracurricular activities.

The community must measure the steps it has taken to fulfill its convictions. That includes using intellectual tools and analytical methodologies to evaluate the very buildings in which so many abide and work. However limited, this rigorous self-examination is not just an academic exercise. Whatever the results, the evaluations will help us calibrate the human capacity to sustain ourselves on this planet of swelling population and finite resources.

Such calibrations may be especially impactful at the local level. How apt, then, that my students’ probing analyses of sustainability as fact and fancy—like the munificence of the donor families that made these two dormitories possible—is fully consistent with Pomona’s century-old charge to graduates: “They only are loyal to this college who, departing, bear their added riches in trust for mankind.”

With these dorms and other campus sustainability efforts the College has reframed that sense of individual social obligation, acknowledging that as an institution it too has a responsibility to redeem its pledge.

Natural Consequences

Miller’s 2022 essay collection explores the climate-driven forces compelling us to examine our role as inhabitants of an ever-changing Earth. The construction of Pomona’s LEED Platinum dorms kicked off a decade of sustainability-minded initiatives.

In Awe of Nature

Norway Waterfall
Norway’s Mardalsfossen Waterfall. © Grant Collier

Drone photo of Norway’s Mardalsfossen Waterfall

Where many tourists seek out spots via Instagram, Collier scans through the satellite images on Google Earth to find destinations farther afield—which is how he landed at Norway’s Mardalsfossen Waterfall. For this particular shot he flew his drone past a cliff face to get a view of the fjord from a perspective that he could never have gotten from the ground.

Gullfoss Falls, Iceland

Gulfoos Falls by Iceland’s Hvítá River. © Grant Collier

Gulfoos Falls by Iceland’s Hvítá River

Shooting in a deep canyon by Iceland’s Hvítá River, Collier had to contend with heavy waterfall mist and 100-mph wind gusts. Every time he snapped a picture he would turn the camera away from the wind, clean the mist off the lens, put the lens cap on, turn the camera back around, compose the image blind, take off the lens cap and immediately take a shot—all while holding down the tripod with his other hand in the Sisyphean hope of somehow keeping it stable.

Vatnajökull Glacier, Iceland

Photo from the base of Vatnajökull Glacier, Iceland. © Grant Collier

Vatnajökull Glacier, Iceland

Despite having only spent a few weeks there, Collier puts Iceland at the very top of his list of locations with absolutely jaw-dropping scenery. “There is no place quite like it,” he says. “It’s like something out of a fairy tale.” To get to this ice cave, Collier took a bumpy ride to the base of Vatnajökull Glacier on an all-terrain vehicle with off-road tires that were six feet tall. His girlfriend posed to provide scale for what he described as a “truly otherworldly backdrop.”

Beauty in Your Backyard

Sunset from Driveway. © Grant Collier

Although Collier takes most of his photos far away from big cities, he says that he’s “always on the lookout for magical light that can make any scene come to life.” So when he saw these clouds bursting with color outside his old home in the suburbs of Denver, he quickly set up his camera and tripod in the driveway. After shooting photos for more than three decades, he says he has learned to always be ready to capture moments of beauty. “Sometimes you can find the extraordinary in the ordinary.”

 

Northern Lights Alaska. © Grant Collier

Northern Lights, in Fairbanks, Alaska, in 2012

Collier’s first time shooting northern lights, in Fairbanks, Alaska, in 2012 (above), almost swore him off the aurora experience entirely. He waited in vain for five hours in -10°F weather without seeing anything, and was about to leave when he suddenly saw a flicker of green light in the sky. It gradually expanded, appearing like “a dancing apparition in the heavens.” Since then he’s visited multiple countries throughout the world photographing the phenomenon, including the Snowy Range in Wyoming (below).

Wyoming Snowy Range Northern Lights. © Grant Collier

Wyoming Snowy Range Northern Lights

Four Fun Facts About the Northern Lights

 

  • They power communications. In 1859 a 2-hour telegraph conversation between Boston, Massachusetts and Portland, Maine, was made possible without any battery power—there was enough electric current generated in the telegraph wires due to an aurora borealis happening.
  • They may actually make an audible sound. While hard to notice in all but the quietest of settings, Finnish researchers found that the faint sound of “whistles, cracks and hisses” tended to coincide with a temperature inversion—cold air trapped under a lid of warm air. They attribute the sounds to the release of static charge, linked to changes in atmospheric electricity caused by the aurora’s disturbance to Earth’s magnetic field.
  • They once nearly caused an international conflict. In 1995 a Norwegian research rocket sent to observe the aurora borealis passed through Russian air space, provoking the Russian military to briefly elevate their forces to high alert.
  • Yes, there are “southern lights,” also known as “aurora australis.” The areas where they can be seen are generally less populous than the northern variety, but include parts of Tasmania, New Zealand and rural Australia.

 

Getting More Pacific

Lava flowing from the Big Island of Hawaii into the Pacific Ocean in 2016. © Grant Collier

Lava flowing from the Big Island of Hawaii into the Pacific Ocean in 2016

When lava began flowing from the Big Island of Hawaii into the Pacific Ocean (above) in 2016, Collier quickly booked a plane ticket there. The park service had closed the road near the lava, so visitors had to walk four miles to see it. But Collier got crafty, renting an e-bike that got him there in 15 minutes, where he had “a rain-drenched evening marveling at the incredible scene.”

Tapuaetai—one of 22 islands in the Aitutaki Lagoon of the Cook Islands, in Polynesia. © Grant Collier

Tapuaetai—one of 22 islands in the Aitutaki Lagoon of the Cook Islands, in Polynesia.

Tapuaetai (above) is one of 22 islands in the Aitutaki Lagoon of the Cook Islands, in Polynesia. It has no full-time residents and just a single house with no electricity or running water and, according to Collier, “far too many mosquitoes.” He rented this house for one night, fulfilling his dream of living—ever so briefly—on a desert island. “When the stars came out at night it was a sight to behold,” he says. “I had to remind myself that I was there to take photographs, and not just sit in reverie.”

Beyond the Landscape

Sea stacks on the West coast of the South Island of New Zealand. © Grant Collier

Sea stacks on the West coast of the South Island of New Zealand

Sometimes camera effects can be your friend. While driving along the rugged west coast of the South Island of New Zealand, Collier spotted some impressive sea stacks (above) in the water. The lighting wasn’t ideal with such an overcast sky, so he used a light-blocking “neutral-density filter” that allowed him to capture long 30-second exposures that blurred the waves and gave the scene a distinctly dreamy effect.

Drone photo of the geological formations at the Mars Desert Research Station in Utah. © Grant Collier

Drone photo of the geological formations at the Mars Desert Research Station in Utah

Collier was perusing Google Earth one day when he discovered a curiosity in nearby Utah: the Mars Desert Research Station (above), where scientists spend weeks-long shifts simulating Martian environments, down to the detail of wearing spacesuits and air supply packs. Collier captured the 30-acre space by flying a drone in a grid-like pattern, stitching together more than 200 photos to create the final image. “The beautiful, lifeless landscape really did resemble Mars in such an uncanny and surreal way,” he says.

Grant Collier by the numbers

31 years doing photography

19 countries visited

17 cameras owned

21 books published

220,000 photos taken

Fellow alums who love snapping pics—send us your best nature photos, for potential inclusion on our website and a future issue where we will highlight some of our favorites

30 years of OA

A pair of students enjoying San Onofre Beach in San Diego
Hollywood Sign Hike

Hollywood Sign Hike

Two days after first-years move into their residence halls in August, they embark on Orientation Adventure (OA) trips. Launched in 1995, the program aims to help new students get acquainted with each other and their SoCal surroundings. For three days, students experience wilderness, cultural and entertainment options in L.A. and beyond, from bouldering in Palm Springs, to hiking the Sequoias, to camping in San Bernardino National Forest. As Outdoor Education Center Manager Connor Bigenho put it, “it’s the first-year students’ first chance to make some friends, and make some memories.”

 A sample of feedback from this year’s OA-ers:

At other schools, orientation is just another thing you do on campus; here you get to actually know your classmates by going on an adventure together.”

OA-ers at Camp Arbolado, a wilderness retreat in Angelus Oaks.

OA-ers at Camp Arbolado, a wilderness retreat in Angelus Oaks.

It was so great to be able to soak in nature with a bunch of new people.”

Bonelli Bluffs in San Dimas

Bonelli Bluffs in San Dimas

You can really be present with others when you’re in a different environment like this.”

How To Become a Beloved Pomona College Cook

feature photo teo

Visit Frank Dining Hall for brunch, and most days you will find Teo Ibarra on the back patio, bantering with students while serving up made-to-order omelets. Ibarra has worked at Pomona for 12 years and is considered by many to be a Pomona mainstay. It’s hard to tell if students love Ibarra or his omelets more, but it’s safe to say that both have reached legendary status.

  1. Work at Pomona in the ’90s as a dishwasher on the weekends while doing construction during the week.Teo Omelette Bar
  2. Take a full-time position with Sodexo (the food services company at Pomona at the time), who pays for you to attend the Culinary Institute of America in New York. “I couldn’t say no to that,” says Ibarra. “I’d have to be out of my mind.” Become a manager with Sodexo at other universities across the country and eventually at Disneyland.
  3. Apply to work as a cook at Pomona again, seeking a shorter commute and better work-life balance. Cook in Oldenborg Dining Hall for seven years.
  4. Ask to take over making omelets when the current omelet chef retires.
  5. Pour love into your cooking. Ibarra preps at least 20 fresh ingredients for the omelets each day, chopping vegetables and cooking meats to perfection beforehand.
  6. Talk to students while making omelets. Get to know them by name and ask about their interests. “The students motivate me the most,” he says.
  7. Remember people’s orders. Many students are regulars at the omelet bar, getting the same order every day. “I know what they want, what they like and how they want it.”
  8. Gain perspective on life through a major health issue. Ibarra experienced a brain aneurysm during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. “I really thought I was going to go. They opened my head,” says Ibarra. “Ever since, I see life totally different. And if I can help someone, I can. I go the extra mile. I would do it even if they don’t appreciate it. We’re all humans. We all sleep, breathe, die, so why not be the best you can be?”
  9. Let students reciprocate the care you show them. Ibarra experienced an outpouring of support from students and alumni while in the hospital. A GoFundMe organized on his behalf raised close to $26,000. “I’ve been blessed,” he says.
  10. Make something you can’t eat yourself. Ibarra, ironically, is allergic to eggs. “I get hives all over my body.”

Three New Scholarship Winners

Bridges Auditorium welcome banners

Schwarzman Scholar

lydia haileNew environments have always fascinated Lydia Haile ’22, a Coloradan and first-generation college student whose curiosity led her to Pomona and now is taking her across the globe.

Haile is pursuing a master’s degree in global affairs from Tsinghua University in Beijing, thanks to the one-year scholarship. At Tsinghua she will attend lectures, travel and deepen her understanding of the world’s second-most populous country.

“I’m excited to immerse myself in an environment I would not find myself in otherwise,” Haile says. “I’m at a stage in life where I can just pack up and move, simply for the sake of learning.”

A neuroscience major, Haile was chosen as one of 150 scholars from 4,200 applicants. After graduation, she became an operations specialist at the Obesity Medicine Association and helped launch the nonprofit Global Medical Relief for Tigray (GMRT) to address health care needs in Tigray, Ethiopia, raising funds for medical supplies for a hospital affected by the 2020 conflict.

Being of Tigrayan descent herself, Haile views her involvement with GMRT as an opportunity “to utilize my skills to enact long-lasting change.”

As a Schwarzman Scholar, Haile hopes to leverage her diverse background to develop interdisciplinary solutions spanning global affairs, medicine, technology and language.

“This opportunity is invaluable,” she says, “There’s so much I have yet to experience, and by gaining a broader perspective, I simply can’t lose.”

Find out more at pomona.edu/news/2024/06/24-schwarzman-scholar-lydia-haile-22-embraces-opportunity-live-and-learn-abroad.


Udall Scholar

For someone entering her junior year, Arianna Lawrence ’26 has already built an impressive resume. She interned with the Coalition forarianna lawrence Humane Immigrant Rights (CHIRLA), the New York City Commission on Human Rights and the San Francisco Environmental Department. She is an EcoRep in Pomona’s sustainability office and a student manager of ReCoop, helping students recover and reuse clothing, furniture and other items. And now, she’s been recognized for her sustained involvement and potential for environmental leadership by being named one of 55 Udall Scholars for 2024, earning a $7,000 scholarship.

“I’ve always been interested in environmentalism, in how inequities can manifest in physical spaces,” says Lawrence. “I’m from Brooklyn. Nobody [there] has backyards. Nobody has green spaces.” What Lawrence did have in her New York community, though, was a high school where she could pursue a major. She chose Law and Society, with an interest in environmental organizing.

Lawrence remembers being inspired by the 2019 New York City Climate Strike, where tens of thousands marched for climate action. The next summer, as a rising high school senior, she interned with the Natural Resources Defense Council and joined a youth coalition for the United Nations Environmental Program, focusing on youth involvement in environmental policymaking.

At Pomona Lawrence majors in public policy analysis with an emphasis on environmental issues, aiming for a career in urban planning, zoning law or environmental litigation. “It’s exciting to figure out my niche in environmentalism and policy,” she says.

Find out more at pomona.edu/news/2024/05/29-udall-scholarship-recognizes-pomona-student-environmental-involvement.


Goldwater Scholar

daniel gaoDaniel Gao ’25, a molecular biology major, was awarded the prestigious Goldwater Scholarship, established by Congress in 1986 for students in science, engineering and mathematics. This year 437 Scholars were selected out of a pool of over 5,000 students.

Since his sophomore year Gao has conducted research in the lab of chemistry professor Malkiat Johal, using surface-chemistry tools to look at “receptor-ligand interactions” that are involved in blood clotting. They are also probing the physiological significance of the interactions beyond the chemistry.

Gao’s interest in blood clotting began at a young age when his grandfather experienced a stroke. “That was the sort of alarm,” he says. “It’s a very niche type of work, but it’s been a big passion of mine.”

Gao sought out Johal because he was interested in the convergence of the biology of blood clotting with Johal’s background in surface chemistry. “Having the different perspectives brings a lot to the table in terms of the interdisciplinary aspect of our research,” says Gao.

Along with conducting research this summer, Gao applied to M.D.-Ph.D. programs with the goal of beginning a program in fall 2025.

The future physician hopes to create new tools for diseases, particularly in the realm of blood clotting. “A big part of being an M.D.-Ph.D. is [to] translate basic science into clinical tools,” says Gao. “That’s something I want to do: being proficient in both, and having both perspectives.”

Find out more at pomona.edu/news/2024/06/06-daniel-gao-25-named-2024-goldwater-scholar.

In the Shadow of Giants

From left: Vera Berger ’23, Sofia Dartnell ’22, Mohammed Ahmed ’23 and Rya Jetha ’23. Photographed by Jean-Luc Benazet

From left: Vera Berger ’23, Sofia Dartnell ’22, Mohammed Ahmed ’23 and Rya Jetha ’23. Photographed by Jean-Luc Benazet

 

Cambridge is waking up slowly on a crisp Sunday morning. The shadows of the scientists and other thinkers who have walked this ancient English university town seem to play across the cobblestone streets connecting the 31 colleges that call it home. Long before the apple dropped—or didn’t drop—on Isaac Newton’s head, his education in Cambridge prepared him to outline the foundations of modern physics. Alumnus Charles Darwin’s curiosity about a professor’s botanical work eventually bore fruit in the theory of evolution. And less than a mile away from where a group of Sagehens are getting their caffeine for the day is the Eagle Pub, where 71 years ago Francis Crick announced that he and James Watson had “discovered the secret of life”—the structure of DNA.

Moments of “Am I really here?” abound for four recent Pomona alumni pursuing graduate degrees at the University of Cambridge, all with full scholarships their small liberal arts college in California helped them land. Vera Berger ’23 is a Churchill Scholar, enrolled in a master of philosophy program in scientific computing before she starts a Ph.D. in physics at MIT in the coming year. “I had a pinch-me moment while attending a lunchtime astronomy talk on exoplanet atmospheres,” she says. “I stood in the back of the room by a professor who at the end of the talk asked a thought-provoking question. I looked over and realized he was the person who won the Nobel Prize for discovering the first exoplanet.”

Fellows’ rooms as seen from First Court, Jesus College. Courtesy of Jean-Luc Benazet.

Fellows’ rooms as seen from First Court, Jesus College. Courtesy of Jean-Luc Benazet.

‘A Museum Unto Itself’

“The city of Cambridge is a museum unto itself with so much fascinating history,” says Downing-Pomona Scholar Rya Jetha ’23, a master of philosophy student in world history. “I was astounded to learn when I first got here that one of the libraries at Cambridge—Trinity College’s Wren Library—has original manuscripts of Shakespeare’s plays, Isaac Newton’s annotated copy of the Principia Mathematica and the original texts of Winnie-the-Pooh.” Sitting in a library writing an essay about historian J. R. Seeley and his foundational work on the British empire’s spatiality, Jetha suddenly realized that he had been a Cambridge professor—“and right then I was sitting in the Seeley Library named after him!”

Some commonly used inventions have had odd beginnings within these walls. Sofia Dartnell ’22 is a Gates Cambridge Scholar and Ph.D. student in zoology at Darwin College whose research focuses on bumblebee conservation by studying their parasites. She learned from a professor in her department how the webcam that makes Zoom meetings possible had its origin near her lab. “It was originally built by caffeinated scientists who wanted to know whether there was coffee brewing in the building’s coffee pot before making their walk over,” she says. “The original coffee room in question is where I drink tea every morning.”

“When I think about me conducting scientific research at Cambridge, I remember the big names and am always shocked that I am here now in the same institution.” —Mohammed Ahmed ’23

Mohammed Ahmed ’23 remembers the moment he saw the email telling him he was, like Jetha, a Downing-Pomona Scholar. The award pays all expenses at Downing College for a year of master’s-level study in any discipline taught at Cambridge. Pomona graduates have been studying at Downing as part of the program for the past 30 years. “I was in shock,” Ahmed recalls. “I called my parents, then my brother, then friends. And finally just sat to take it in.” Though he’d never visited Cambridge, he says he “imagined it would be grand. I knew it was old and had history but did not know it was founded in 1209.”

Making Their Own Marks

Surrounded by eight centuries of history, the four Pomona alums are making their own marks in their chosen disciplines. Ahmed is researching neurodegenerative disease through the lens of physical chemistry. He describes his work as “probing the efficacy of computationally designed binders and naturally occurring chaperones on inhibiting Tau aggregation, and exploring the mechanisms by which these binders function.” It will, he hopes, “give insight into how we can therapeutically target misfolding diseases on the molecular level.”

“I was astounded to learn when I first got here that one of the libraries at Cambridge—Trinity College’s Wren Library—has original manuscripts of Shakespeare’s plays, Isaac Newton’s annotated copy of the ‘Principia Mathematica’ and the original texts of ‘Winnie-the-Pooh.’” —Rya Jetha ’23

Jetha’s research on the Indian Ocean region, where she grew up, “continues to blow my mind,” she says. Jetha is part of a group of historians at Cambridge who are studying big, global processes from small places. “Islands as sites of intimate and intensive colonial encounter are undertheorized and understudied, so I’m working on a history of two small but powerful islands—Bombay and Zanzibar—during the 19th century,” Jetha says. The historic oceanic connections between these two islands have been neglected in favor of land-based nationalist histories, she says, adding that “there is so much to study beyond the limiting frame of the nation-state.”

Sofia Dartnell ’22 raises bumblebees to use in her research. Wild queens are caught and provided pollen, nectar and a warm environment to encourage them to lay eggs. They are kept in the dark to mimic their natural nesting conditions underground, and checked in red light the bees can’t see.

Sofia Dartnell ’22 raises bumblebees to use in her research. Wild queens are caught and provided pollen, nectar and a warm environment to encourage them to lay eggs. They are kept in the dark to mimic their natural nesting conditions underground, and checked in red light the bees can’t see.

When the cuckoo bumblebees are active in England’s warmer months, Dartnell can be found outdoors with her two-meter insect net catching queen bees to rear in the lab. Most of the time, the bees she studies live underground in a dark hole, unable to see each other. “The bees can recognize each other within the colony based on smell,” she notes. “I’m currently running choice experiments in the lab to figure out how accurate their sense of smell is.” So far, she’s found that it is spot-on. One wrinkle about the cuckoo bees—they are masters of disguise, a skill that has evolved since they cannot produce their own workers in their colonies. “They can pick up the scent profile of a colony they are invading and convince the worker bees to work for them using pheromones,” Dartnell explains. Cuckoos are an apex species that could be a “canary in a coal mine” for populations of pollinators facing threats of pesticides and habitat change. Ultimately, Dartnell hopes her research will help farmers modify their landscapes to support bee populations, which also could improve their crop yields.

“Extending the residential college structure to postgraduate education has allowed me to build a strong community with postgrads across the academic spectrum.” —Vera Berger ’23

During her undergrad years at Pomona, Berger became fascinated with stellar flares and “how flares may contribute to the creation or destruction of life on other planets.” She developed a keen interest in learning how stars evolve and explode. In her Cambridge program, she is gaining computational skills useful “to model anything that can be thought of as fluid—liquids, plasmas and even solid materials that can squish or bend,” she says. After spending much of the year in coursework, she is excited to now be involved in a research lab exploring magnetic reconnection in plasma that produces these stellar flares. In future doctoral work, Berger says, she is “planning to study highly energetic astrophysical objects as probes of some of the most extreme physics in the universe.”

Opening Up Opportunities

The tradition of Pomona graduates winning scholarships to the renowned British university is well established, says Jason Jeffrey, assistant director of fellowships and career advising in the Career Development Office. In the past five years, three Pomona graduates have been offered Gates Cambridge Scholarships and three have been named Churchill Scholars. Through an agreement with Downing College, two Pomona alumni each year can study at the college in Cambridge and a Downing College student can enroll at Pomona.

“Our students are exceptional and well rounded, and many have studied abroad or have intercultural experience, so there’s no doubt about them being thriving members of the Cambridge community,” says Jeffrey. Students who pursue these scholarships “often have compelling reasons for studying in the U.K. It can be a vital steppingstone in their career.”

Each of the Sagehens attributes their current academic opportunities to encouragement from faculty, staff and friends at Pomona. During Dartnell’s freshman year, her advisor, Associate Professor of Biology Sara Olson, told her, “If you keep going like this, Sofia, you could apply for fellowships,” naming some of the major ones. “I know it’s early,” Olson said. “Just putting it on your radar.” The early encouragement paid dividends. Midway through her senior year, Dartnell got word that she had won a prestigious Gates Cambridge Scholarship. It covers all expenses for an entire Ph.D. program at the university, and recipients become lifetime members of an active and supportive community of scholars.

Jetha, who was raised in Mumbai, found her research direction as a freshman in a history class, Indian Ocean World, taught by Professor Arash Khazeni. The topic inspired her senior thesis as a history major, but she lacked access to important primary sources that were housed in the U.K. and not digitized.

Punting on the River Cam is a quintessential Cambridge activity. Rya Jetha ’23 rows the punt with passenger Sofia Dartnell ’22.

Punting on the River Cam is a quintessential Cambridge activity. Rya Jetha ’23 rows the punt with passenger Sofia Dartnell ’22.

“Professor Khazeni encouraged me to apply for the Downing Scholarship to continue my research in Cambridge,” she says. “I’d be a one-hour train ride away from a treasure trove of archives in London.” Since arriving in Cambridge, Jetha has become very familiar with the route to the British Library, where Charles Dickens, Karl Marx and Virginia Woolf also hung out. “Really, there’s nothing more exciting for a historian than spending the day looking at government records, letters, maps and other primary sources in the archives,” she says.

Beyond the Classroom

Sofia Dartnell ’22 displays her research on bumblebees.

Sofia Dartnell ’22 displays her research on bumblebees.

Just as they did at Pomona, the Sagehens are branching out far beyond academics. When Dartnell is not training and measuring the behavior of her cuckoo bumblebees—and yes, she’s heard all the jokes about studying cuckoos—she unwinds with trivia and salsa dancing in town. She also sings in a band with other Ph.D. students in Darwin College.

Both Ahmed and Jetha joined the Downing College rowing team and have spent scores of hours training and competing on the River Cam, which winds past colleges established by Edward II, Henry VIII and his grandmother, Lady Margaret Beaufort. “The most exciting experience was rowing camp in Banyoles, Spain, in January,” says Jetha. “The camp was physically exhausting—we rowed over 90 kilometers [56 miles] over the five days. But by the end we were all really good rowers and ready to conquer the Cam!” Ahmed also uses his arm strength to throw javelin for Cambridge athletics.

While she was at Pomona, Berger chose to focus her time outside of class on student government—she was president of the Associated Students of Pomona College her senior year and chair of the Judicial Council. Now, as a graduate student, she is trying new things. “I learned to operate the telescope that sits steps from Churchill College with the Cambridge Astronomical Society and joined the local roller derby team,” she says matter-of-factly, as if the combination doesn’t seem at all unusual.

Berger and her fellow alumni also are learning to slow down, and, of course, to drink tea. “In the astronomy department, they have tea breaks twice a day and everyone shows up,” says Berger. “A lot of times it turns into brainstorming, idea-bouncing time.” The same holds true in Dartnell’s area. “The Department of Zoology is situated in the same complex as the incredible David Attenborough Building, which is home to numerous conservation-based NGOs [non-governmental organizations],” she says. “Everyone in the department goes to 11 a.m. coffee, giving us the opportunity to connect and network with conservation leaders throughout the department and external organizations.”

Slowing down may seem surprising for high-achieving Sagehens in a historic university. In reality, though, it may be what helps them to successfully pursue their dreams while enjoying a balanced life. They find time for weekly chats at Bould Brothers Coffee in town or late-night scoops at Jack’s Gelato, a place in the city center that is so popular, the line frequently extends out the door. All four enjoy the renowned traditional Cambridge formal dinners the colleges host and where Berger says there is “eye-opening conversation” and Jetha adds that “people just sit and chat for the sake of it. You’re socializing and you’re not expected to do anything else. The setting is beautiful. That’s quintessentially Cambridge for me.”

‘Living English’

For Ahmed, Berger and Jetha, graduation this spring will wrap up their “year of living English.” They’ll move back to the right side of the sidewalk again—Ahmed was startled to discover that in the U.K. people not only drive on the left but also walk on that side as well. They’ll eventually return to calling a “flat” an “apartment,” throwing trash in a garbage “can” instead of a “bin” and driving cars that have “hoods” and “trunks” instead of “bonnets” and “boots.” A “jumper” will transform magically once again into a “sweater.” And perhaps not everything will be “dodgy” or “brilliant.”

Their paths will diverge as they build their futures. Ahmed plans to enroll in an M.D.-Ph.D. program and continue medical research to help patients overcome disease. Jetha, who worked on the staff of The Student Life newspaper during her college years, has accepted a position as a journalist in San Francisco. Berger is aiming for an academic career, hoping to teach in a liberal arts college after she completes her doctoral work.

Dartnell is settling in as she nears the halfway point of what she anticipates will be a four-year Ph.D. program. She’s excited to be generating research data and she is getting valuable experience leading weekly small-group discussion and debate sessions for clusters of undergraduates enrolled in conservation science courses. “I’m passionate about undergraduate teaching,” she says. “I hope to follow my passions for insect conservation and teaching to a career as a professor, ideally in an undergraduate-focused institution similar to Pomona.”

Kitchen Bridge, St. John’s College. Since the 13th century, the River Cam has provided an idyllic backdrop for learning at the University of Cambridge. Courtesy of Jean-Luc Benazet.

Kitchen Bridge, St. John’s College. Since the 13th century, the River Cam has provided an idyllic backdrop for learning at the University of Cambridge. Courtesy of Jean-Luc Benazet.

But for a little while longer, Cambridge life beckons. On this April morning, the dark of winter—when the sun sets as early as 3:46 in the afternoon—has given way to glorious blue skies. Dartnell sits on an outdoor bench near Regent Street, soaking up the sunshine and “getting some vitamin D.” For these four Sagehens in Cambridge, their Pomona experiences have set them up for success. Their futures, like the tulips and flowering trees around them, are beginning to bloom.

A Global View

Esther Brimmer, U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs, addresses the opening session of the high-level segment of the Human Rights Council. In her statement to the Council, Ms. Brimmer emphasized, among other themes, the protection of freedom of expression, the fight against negative stereotyping, and affirmed the United States' commitment to the Council.
Esther Brimmer, U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs, addresses the opening session of the high-level segment of the Human Rights Council. In her statement to the Council, Ms. Brimmer emphasized, among other themes, the protection of freedom of expression, the fight against negative stereotyping, and affirmed the United States' commitment to the Council.

Esther Brimmer, U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs, addresses the opening session of the high-level segment of the Human Rights Council. In her statement to the Council, Ms. Brimmer emphasized, among other themes, the protection of freedom of expression, the fight against negative stereotyping, and affirmed the United States’ commitment to the Council.

In the fall of 1981, her junior year at Pomona College, Esther Brimmer ’83 arrived in Switzerland for a semester of graduate-level study in international affairs at what is now the Geneva Graduate Institute.

To say the experience was transformative is an understatement.

Esther Brimmer, then assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs, at 2009 news conference. Courtesy of U.S. Mission Geneva

Esther Brimmer, then assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs, at 2009 news conference. Courtesy of U.S. Mission Geneva

Brimmer couldn’t have imagined her return to Geneva in 2009—one of many in her career—for what she called “my proudest moment as a diplomat.”

As assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs under President Barack Obama, Brimmer gave the first speech on behalf of the United States as an elected member of the United Nations Human Rights Council.

“We recognize that the United States’ record on human rights is imperfect,” Brimmer said in part. “Our history includes lapses and setbacks, and there remains a great deal of work to be done.

“But our history is a story of progress. Indeed, my presence here today is a testament to that progress, as is the administration I serve. It is the president’s hope and my own that we can continue that momentum at home and around the world.”

An International Career

That semester in Geneva was a springboard to an extraordinary career. Brimmer, now the James H. Binger senior fellow in global governance at the Council on Foreign Relations, has served three appointments within the U.S. Department of State, including her tenure as assistant secretary of state from 2009 to 2013. She also has held numerous other positions in government, academia and non-governmental organization leadership. And as testament to her belief in the value of international study, from 2017 to 2022 Brimmer was executive director and CEO of NAFSA: Association of International Educators, a professional association dedicated to international education with some 10,000 members in more than 160 countries.

Acquiring a broader global view has value beyond career preparation, she says, and a college student doesn’t necessarily have to cross a border to gain it.

“There are many different ways in which students can engage in international education—studying abroad, studying international issues at home, getting to know international students,” Brimmer says.

“But one of the important things in being able to study outside of one’s home country is to be able to get insight into how other people around the world view the important aspects of life—being a human being and the important aspects of the world around us, what the issues are and how they look different from different parts of the world. That information can inform all sorts of activities in life. You do not have to just specialize in international relations as a career—much as I would advocate people doing that—in order to benefit from international education.”

A Common Language

Arriving in Geneva, Brimmer at first mixed mainly with other students from Pomona or in the same program. Then she began classes with graduate students from around the world. The French she had studied at Pomona was not only one of the four national languages of Switzerland, she discovered, it was also a lingua franca—a common language that could be spoken among people who did not speak each other’s first languages or who easily switched among multiple languages.

Geneva, the second-largest city in Switzerland, is the European headquarters of the United Nations and the international headquarters of the Red Cross.

Geneva, the second-largest city in Switzerland, is the European headquarters of the United Nations and the international headquarters of the Red Cross.

“The professor might be replying to you in French, but you could ask your question in English or French,” she recalls. “It was impressive to see the range of languages that the students had already studied by the time they got there. Their facility with multiple languages was quite eye-opening. For some, French and English were their second or third languages.”

The agility Brimmer developed in French—once known as “the language of diplomacy” and still an official language of many international bodies despite France’s decline as a superpower—has been an asset throughout her career.

“I used to remind students that, let’s say you’re interested in security issues and you want to go work for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, you actually have to have French as well as English in order to be on the international staff at NATO,” she says. “It’s true in the United Nations system, but it’s also true about other places as well, where languages are going to help get you the job. International language ability can be quite useful, even if that’s not your specialty, because you’re able to work with colleagues from other countries.”

Brimmer has watched with dismay as some colleges and universities have eliminated foreign language requirements altogether and others have modest standards. For instance, in some University of California and Cal State University programs, students can fulfill a requirement without taking language in college—simply by completing three or four years of a foreign language in high school with a C- or better.

“It is absolutely crucial to understanding other societies,” Brimmer says. “We as human beings express our ideas, thoughts and feelings through language. And then in order to understand these ideas, we need to understand them in their own languages. I’ve been deeply disappointed to see institutions—recognizing they may have their own challenges—but institutions making a short-term economic calculation and missing the long-term implications of what they’re doing. I would want to see language study expand in the United States.”

Strolling the streets of Geneva, Brimmer began to see the news of the world through a new prism.

“One of the things was reading newspapers and numerous news magazines from a different perspective: Remember, the Cold War was still in existence,” she says. “And I remember walking down the street and we saw a television in a window and I thought, oh, something’s going on. Seeing international events from other perspectives was important.”

Basking in Geneva’s café culture, Brimmer discussed issues of the day with older, more worldly graduate students. “They were probably in their mid-20s. And that also helped give me a better sense of the perspectives of students in different places, but also just the perspective on debates. I wasn’t a big coffee drinker, but the opportunity to discuss things from another point of view was interesting. As an American, people always want to give you their view of American foreign policy. Irrespective of whether you say, ‘I’m not personally responsible for it,’ everyone’s giving you an earful. But it’s important that you get that earful and that you begin to explain your views and where you agree and disagree.”

Our Interconnected World

Being exposed to the tutorial system in Geneva—teaching based not on lectures but on deep conversations among very small groups of students and an expert on the subject—also contributed to Brimmer’s decision to go to Oxford University in England after graduating from Pomona. She earned a master’s degree and a doctorate in international relations at Oxford, completing her work in 1989.

Geneva—home to more international organizations than any city in the world and the headquarters of many agencies of the U.N.—has remained special to Brimmer throughout her career.

Esther Brimmer ’83 received an honorary degree and gave aCommencement speech at Pomona in 2019.

Esther Brimmer ’83 received an honorary degree and gave a Commencement speech at Pomona in 2019.

In 2000, she returned for several weeks as a member of the U.S. delegation helping to negotiate a U.N. resolution on democracy as a fundamental human right. Instead of arriving as a college student, she arrived with her husband and 3-year-old son.

Later, as assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs, the U.S. mission to U.N. organizations in Geneva was her bureau’s largest post.

In addition to government roles, Brimmer has had an extensive academic career as a professor at George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs and as the first deputy director and director of research at the Center for Transatlantic Relations at the Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies.

In her role at the Council on Foreign Relations, which she has been a member of since 1991, she is writing a book about the necessity of better governance mechanisms to manage expanding human activities in outer space. She also coordinates the work of the Council of Councils, which brings together international affairs research organizations from 24 countries for policy analysis and discussion.

At the State Department, in addition to her role as assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs, Brimmer served on the policy planning staff from 1999 to 2001 and on the staff of the undersecretary for political affairs from 1993 to 1995.

The world she studied as a college student is much different than the one we live and work in now, she says. So many more industries and professions than ever before are interlocked with global concerns.

“It has been striking to realize how much more our lives intersect and interact compared to 40 or 50 years ago—or even 30 years ago,” she says. “Whatever products we use, there’s a good chance that they come from somewhere else in the world. The food we eat, some comes from our own countries and some from the rest of the world. On a daily basis, we depend on not only the trade of goods but also the trade in services, and we benefit from worldwide supply chains. The rapid movement of communications and technology are part of the impact of technology on our daily life. And that means that we are aware of what’s going on in the rest of the world, and the rest of the world actually affects us.

“Students will find that they may have jobs—even if they’re working in the United States—where the companies they work for are part of global companies or receive crucial components for what they’re producing from elsewhere, and that has all intensified over the past 30 years. To understand our daily lives, we do have to have that deep understanding of the world beyond our shores.”


Studying abroad has inspired many a student to pursue an international career, sometimes as a foreign service officer.
Here are just two examples among Pomona’s increasing number of prominent career diplomats.

David Holmes ’97, then posted in Ukraine, arrives for questioning as part of the 2019 impeachment inquiry into President Donald Trump. REUTERS/Yara Nardi

David Holmes ’97, then posted in Ukraine, arrives for questioning as part of the 2019 impeachment inquiry into President Donald Trump. REUTERS/Yara Nardi

 

I had never been abroad at all; it was my first time traveling outside the United States, ever. And it got me interested in foreign affairs for the first time.

David Holmes ’97
Deputy Chief of Mission
U.S. Embassy in Budapest, Hungary

Studied Abroad at University College in Oxford, England


Ambassador Eric Kneedler, right, greets former President Bill Clinton in Rwanda.

Ambassador Eric Kneedler, right, greets former President Bill Clinton in Rwanda.

 

I first learned about the Foreign Service during that semester and became very intrigued by the idea of a career that would allow me to serve my country and see the world. I don’t think there is any way I would have become a diplomat without that experience.

Eric Kneedler ’95
U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Rwanda
U.S. Embassy in Kigali, Rwanda

Studied abroad in Strasbourg, France

A World of Opportunity

For Vidusshi Hingad ’25, the idea of being the first in her family to leave India for college abroad was nothing short of exhilarating—and daunting. But Pomona has proven to be a home away from home for the Mumbai native.

Vidusshi Hingad ’25

Vidusshi Hingad ’25

“From the moment that I landed in LAX, I have been exposed to a world of growth, inclusivity and, most importantly, genuine community,” says Hingad, who has participated in the mock trial program and served on the Associated Students of Pomona College’s Senate. “I have come to know that at Pomona, people are everything,” she says.

At the beginning of this century, international students were a modest presence at Pomona College, making up only about 2% of the student body. Fast forward to today and that percentage has soared, with 12.89% of students at Pomona during the past academic year from other countries, hailing from nearly 60 nations. The growth in international enrollment has enhanced Pomona’s campus culture, creating a vibrant array of backgrounds and perspectives.

Living and studying with students from other countries provides an educational experience for U.S. students as well, says Esther Brimmer ’83, a foreign affairs expert who formerly was executive director and CEO of NAFSA: Association of International Educators, the largest nonprofit professional association devoted to international education.

“It’s extremely important for students in the United States to have the opportunity to study with students from around the world,” Brimmer says. “Many students will not be able to travel internationally. But it is a wonderful opportunity for students across the United States to benefit from learning from their colleagues in the classroom, their friends in the dorm, their friends on the sports team. It’s a great way for students to be able to get to know people from other parts of the world even if they do not or are not able to travel.”

Arriving Sight Unseen

International students sometimes arrive to begin their college careers without having so much as a campus tour or attending Admitted Students Day. Shortly after coming to Pomona as a first-year student, Hingad reached out to Assistant Vice President and Director of Admissions Adam Sapp to finally meet him in person after initially being drawn to Pomona after an older student from her high school, Rya Jetha ’23, chose it.

“I remember going home and searching it up, and suddenly everything began to click,” Hingad says. “I remember reading the statement, ‘the promise is in the place,’ and that is exactly why I applied—from small class sizes to warm weather (and people). I applied Early Decision without even visiting the campus.”

In that first face-to-face encounter with Sapp, a person she was only familiar with from afar, Hingad says she became an admirer of the way he described Pomona’s interdisciplinary education, explaining how the liberal arts approach allows knowledge to build on itself.

“What he said challenged me to think of knowledge in a way that everything just clicked,” says Hingad, explaining that the educational system in India is more rigid and requires a narrower area of focus. “Where I come from, people have their future set up from the 10th grade.”

Sapp is used to explaining the different approach at Pomona and many other U.S. colleges.

“For many [international] families, this might be the first time they hear words like liberal arts, interdisciplinary studies or guaranteed housing,” he says. “Often, we recruit in places where the higher education system works very differently from ours, so we are not just introducing a new philosophy of education, we are literally speaking a whole new language.”

Finding Talented Students

International students gathering in front of Bridges Auditorium

International students gathering in front of Bridges Auditorium.

Recruiting international students starts earlier for some of those reasons. Pomona often will begin to connect with students as early as ninth or 10th grade. Admissions officers traveling to other countries not only visit what are known as international schools—which generally have multinational students and multilingual instruction—but also public high schools, which typically offer that country’s national curriculum.

In addition, Pomona engages with government initiatives like EducationUSA, a U.S. State Department network of international student advising centers in more than 170 countries, as well as international nonprofits and foundations like the Davis Foundation and its United World College Scholars Program, the Grew Bancroft Foundation, the Sutton Trust and Bridge2Rwanda, among others. As an example of the effectiveness of those partnerships, Sapp says that every student admitted to Pomona’s Class of 2028 from Argentina, Uruguay, Egypt or Vietnam had a direct link to a global nonprofit partner.

“It’s important to us that we do work beyond traditional international high schools,” Sapp says. “There’s so much talent in the local high schools, and some of these high schools we just couldn’t access without the local outreach of our partners.”

Among Pomona’s longstanding partners is the Davis United World Colleges Scholars Program, which is linked to 18 United World College high schools around the world welcoming students from 160 countries. Their scholars study at almost 100 college and university partners across the U.S., including all five Claremont Colleges. During 2024-25, the foundation contributed more than $125,000 in scholarship support to Davis United World College scholars attending Pomona.

One marked difference between the international admissions process and that for U.S.-based domestic students is financial aid. For international students applying from outside the U.S., Pomona’s admissions process is what is called need-aware. Unlike the need-blind admissions policy employed for domestic applicants, for international students applying from abroad, the student’s or family’s ability to pay tuition is considered. Once admitted, however, all students receive the same type of aid package: 100% of demonstrated need is met with a package that includes a combination of Pomona grants and student work and, just like the packages for domestic students, does not include loans. In all, slightly more than half of international students at Pomona receive financial aid. By comparison, most U.S. colleges and universities do not offer significant need-based aid to international undergraduates.

“We’re incredibly lucky to have policies in place that ensure international students from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds have access to a Pomona education,” Sapp says.

Nationally, colleges suffered a “pandemic slump” in international student recruitment but those numbers have rebounded, in part because of a 35% increase in students from India, according to a recent Open Doors report sponsored by the U.S. State Department.

The top countries that sent students to Pomona for the past academic year were China (29 students), India (20), Japan (12), Greece and Kenya (11 each) and Canada (nine).

In total, 59 countries were represented by Pomona’s F-1 visa-holding students. (An F-1 visa allows a nonimmigrant to study in the U.S. as long as they are a full-time student enrolled in an approved academic program and are proficient in English, among other criteria.)

Student Support Services

Once an international student enrolls at Pomona, the College’s International Student and Scholar Services Office steps in to help with the F-1 visa process. Kathy Quispe, assistant director of international student and scholar services, notes that while her office directly supports students holding F-1 visas during their four years at Pomona, it also provides support to students who are U.S. citizens but grew up abroad. All international students, regardless of immigration status, are invited to the international student orientation. And all international students have the option of being paired with an International Student Mentorship Program (ISMP) mentor who will help them adjust to life at Pomona as well as life in the U.S.

Young Seo Kim ’26

Young Seo Kim ’26

While F-1 visa students share similarities with U.S. citizens who were born and/or raised abroad, they face a burden unique to them: hurdles of paperwork. The paperwork continues throughout their four years at Pomona. If they want to work on campus, that requires applying for a Social Security number. If they want an off-campus internship, that will require specific authorization to avoid being in violation of their F-1 visa status.

In addition, F-1 status has a big impact on an international student’s academic and career choices. “F-1 visa-holding students can work in the U.S. up to a year after graduation, as long as the job relates to their major, but for STEM majors it goes up to two years,” says Quispe. “This year, of our 33 graduating seniors, 27 are graduating in STEM.” Quispe adds that this makes Pomona a place for international students who major in STEM to still enjoy the full offerings of a liberal arts education.

Beyond helping students navigate government requirements, staff in the International Student and Scholar Services Office are fine-tuned to news affecting different parts of the world.

International students gathering for their end-of-year dinner in April 2023 to say a farewell to graduating seniors.

“While many of our students have connections to all parts of the world, our international students tend to be more impacted when there are world crises,” says Carolina De la Rosa Bustamante, director of the Oldenborg Center, Pomona’s language-focused residence hall, dining hall and center for other internationally oriented programs. “When there are geopolitical tensions or natural disasters, international students are the first population that we think of.”

When news of a recent attempted coup in Guatemala reached Quispe, she sought out Young Seo Kim ’26, an international student born and raised in Guatemala to Korean parents, to ask if she was OK.

“It was a very small action, but it was so considerate,” Kim says, describing the different types of support and help that she has received. “She made sure I was doing OK mentally and physically. She was making sure that I knew I had her support in case I needed to leave the college for an emergency,” she adds. “International students are far away from home, so having someone who understands your story and helps you no matter what we need at times is important.

“Obviously, you’re going to be homesick,” says Kim, who appreciates the special events organized by Pomona and ISMP during key times of the school year like fall break and spring break when many students leave campus—but others, like her, stay behind and tend to miss their families more during those times.

Kim recalls spending Thanksgiving on Pomona’s campus among international friends for an ISMP-hosted dinner. “They had different cuisines so people could feel like they’re back home,” says Kim, remembering how the Salvadoran and Chinese foods at one dinner included pupusas and other dishes that were similar to Guatemalan and Korean cuisines. “They had tortillas and fajitas and you could make your own small taco and that really reminded me of home.”

Hingad recalls her first year when she performed spoken-word poetry at an open-mic event on campus. Two years later, a lot has changed, but that feeling remains the same. Her work, titled “Home,” resonated deeply with many people. “The piece was about small impacts that people make and how they compound to make 91711 [Pomona’s ZIP code] a home,” she says. “It’s the shared experience of different people coming from different backgrounds with one thing in common: good parts of humanity.”

Like Hingad, many international students are making a choice that no one else in their families has made.

“Everyone knows we have a lot of students at Pomona who are trailblazers, but for our international students, I think they deserve just a little bit of extra credit,” Sapp says. “To travel five, six, sometimes even 7,000 miles away from home to pursue an education that might be totally different than what is offered in their home country—it astonishes me to think about how much bravery that requires. It’s also a vote of confidence in the Pomona education. We know how transformative this place can be, so working hard to open doors to talent around the world and educate the next generation of global leaders makes total sense.”

The Pomona College Center for Global Engagement

The center will be a place where disciplines are interwoven in surprising ways, problems are confronted from fresh angles and people from all over the world come together to ask big questions and discover new answers. The center will facilitate and strengthen ties between our faculty and students—through academic inquiry, research and creative endeavors—as well as to communities both close to home and around the globe.

The Center for Global Engagement will connect our campus community in Southern California to the world. Encompassing a residence hall, a dining hall, language study and flexible academic spaces, the newly imagined center will enhance learning across languages, cultures and disciplines. It will be located where the Oldenborg Center for Modern Languages, built in the 1960s, now stands—but the project represents far more than simply swapping out one building for a newer one. The new center will be a completely novel living, breathing liberal arts laboratory.

With a fundraising goal of $50 million, the 111,000-square-foot global center will be one of the most ambitious and complex construction projects at Pomona in many decades, and the College is taking the time and effort to get it right. Once key steps in planning, design and fundraising are met, construction is scheduled to begin in summer 2026.

The center will support the College’s larger effort to ensure that every Pomona student will meaningfully engage with global learning, whether from abroad or here in the U.S.

For more information, preview the Center for Global Engagement, follow the links for the full video and additional details on planning and design, as well as the larger effort of the Global Pomona Project.


Oldenborg Memories

Did you live in Oldenborg? Have other memories of Pomona’s language-themed dining and residence hall? In coming years, the new Center for Global Engagement will rise on the site where Oldenborg Center has stood since 1966, when it was considered the first facility of its kind to combine a language center, international house and coeducational residence hall in a single building. As Oldenborg nears the end of its days with construction on the new center to begin as soon as 2026, Pomona College Magazine will pay tribute to Oldenborg. Send your thoughts to our writer Lorraine Wu Harry ’97.