Class Acts

Research by Yannai Kashtan ’20 Fuels Gas Stove Debate

Kashtan Yannai headshot

When you talk stoves, people listen,” says the Stanford Ph.D. student

While not the most exciting topic for a Ph.D. research project, years of studying the ubiquitous household appliance as a graduate student at Stanford University revealed to Yannai Kashtan ’20 that gas stoves may be contributing to premature deaths and cases of childhood asthma.

A study co-authored with peers at Stanford and Oakland-based research institute PSE Healthy Energy was published in May, and Kashtan was featured in a subsequent Los Angeles Times story about the conclusions.

“I didn’t think the outside world would think [stoves] are that interesting,” the 25-year-old Oakland native says. “It’s not sexy. It’s not shooting rockets off into space. But [the interest] makes sense. This is something that affects one out of three people in the U.S. It makes sense people want to know about the dangers [stoves] pose.”

Kashtan inside his lab at Stanford

Kashtan inside his lab at Stanford

Over the course of their research, Kashtan and his peers at Stanford found that gas stovetops release a high level of pollutants—carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and benzene—that can inflame the lungs when inhaled.

Since at least the early 20th century, Kashtan says, the gas industry knew of the dangers of gas stove pollution, and yet over the years, stoves became the only unvented gas appliance in homes. As conscious as folks are about what is being cooked over the flame, Kashtan adds, they should be doubly conscious about the pollution from the flame itself.

The L.A. Times was the latest media outlet to feature the Pomona alumnus, whose research and comments have been published by national and international organizations such as CNN, Newsweek and The Guardian.

In a March profile in The New York Times, Kashtan advocated against fossil fuel companies funding climate research and solutions. The article called Kashtan a young climate researcher, a title he isn’t quite sure fits.

“I see myself both as an air quality scientist and a communicator,” the researcher says. “Someone who can try to bring science into policy and into, maybe, public perception as well. I like the idea of creating knowledge and putting it into action as much as possible.”

While at Pomona, Kashtan, a chemistry and physics double major, was remarkable in class and “simply outstanding in the research lab,” Janice Hudgings, Seeley W. Mudd Professor of Physics, wrote in a letter about her student.

Kashtan’s expertise in a lab comes as no surprise.

As a boy, Kashtan ran a YouTube channel under the handle “elementguy27.” From a homemade lab inside his parents’ garage, Kashtan explained dozens of elements from the periodic table—beryllium, cobalt, barium, selenium, among the 92 videos on the channel.

“As long as I can remember, I loved learning,” Kashtan says.

Beyond working at an advanced level in Hudgings’ lab at Pomona, Kashtan was “a terrific team player, always ready to jump in and help one of his peers,” Hudgings wrote.

Kashtan routinely volunteered as a teaching assistant and helped younger students with their homework “simply because it’s important to him that his peers succeed, too,” Hudgings added.

As a senior, Kashtan became the first Pomona student to be awarded the Knight-Hennessy scholarship—a full ride to Stanford to pursue the graduate program of his choosing. Knight-Hennessy scholars are thought to be “rebellious minds and independent spirits” and “future global leaders,” according to the criteria.

After being homeschooled through high school and being welcomed at Pomona, Kashtan speaks highly of the College’s faculty.

“At Pomona,” he says, “I was taught by lots of professors who were dedicated to their pedagogy, focused on teaching first, and had decades of experience, and that was a huge privilege. That focus on education and teaching, it’s not to be taken for granted.”

His Ph.D. research project complete, Kashtan plans to take a break from exploring gas stoves for the time being, though he intends to stay in a similar line of work in the future.

“I’m motivated by science itself,” he says, “but also wanting to make sure that science is then turned into action.”

Advocating for Responsible AI Adoption

Okolo speaking on a Brookings Institution panel with the Michelle Donelan, the U.K.’s former secretary of state for science, innovation and technology (far left). Above, Okolo’s collection of awards and plaques in her Washington, D.C., office.

Okolo speaking on a Brookings Institution panel with the Michelle Donelan, the U.K.’s former secretary of state for science, innovation and technology (far left). Above, Okolo’s collection of awards and plaques in her Washington, D.C., office.

Centered on a shelf in her Washington, D.C., office is the plaque Chinasa T. Okolo ’18 received nearly a decade ago from the Office of Black Student Affairs of The Claremont Colleges.

“Recognizing Genius in Our Community,” her 2015 First-Year Student Award reads.

Okolo, a former computer science major by way of Kansas City, Missouri, holds dear her time at Pomona, crediting her liberal arts education and professors for igniting in her a desire to understand human-computer interaction.

Now an expert in artificial intelligence (AI) after years of postgraduate and professional research, Okolo recently landed on Time Magazine’s list of The 100 Most Influential People in AI.

“With the education I received at Pomona,” Okolo says, “I’ve been able to leverage my skills and understanding of how technology, particularly AI, can impact and is impacting marginalized populations in the U.S. and globally. A lot of times this kind of work doesn’t get too much attention, so I’m very grateful to have been included on the list.”

As a fellow for the Brookings Institution, Okolo advocates for responsible AI adoption and governance across the Global South. At Brookings, her research includes analyzing datafication and algorithmic marginalization in Africa.

In recent months, Okolo has been quoted in The New York Times and The Washington Post, and she has appeared in segments on Voice of America, the country’s largest international broadcaster.

This summer, TechCrunch published a Q&A with Okolo as part of its “Women in AI” series on “remarkable women who’ve contributed to the AI revolution.”

“This AI boom has given me an opportunity to show the necessity of AI literacy,” Okolo says. “People are very enamored with the possibilities of AI, but don’t understand implications around bias and inequality.”

In addition to appearing in print and broadcast media, Okolo has been a guest speaker this year at international conferences and workshops in Senegal, South Africa, Brazil, Turkey, Belgium and the United Arab Emirates.

Well before she started trotting the globe, Okolo studied abroad in Hungary while at Pomona. Having never been out of the country before her semester away, Okolo says her maiden international trip “gave me the comfortability as a global citizen … and was a launching point to me visiting different countries throughout my career.”

Alexandra Papoutsaki, associate professor of computer science, met Okolo as a first-year professor in 2017 and found her inquisitive, methodical and thoughtful in how she approached researching human-computer interaction—and, particularly, the inclusivity issues certain technologies create for people of color.

Less than a decade later, Papoutsaki is astounded by—and proud of—Okolo’s rise.

“She’s been published very prolifically by some of the most competitive venues in our area,” Papoutsaki says. “She’s great at going out there and disseminating information publicly. She’s absolutely an emerging leader in tech in general, not just AI. She’s a person who’s able to build relationships with industry, NGOs and academia.”

In her first year as a Ph.D. student at Cornell, Okolo sent Papoutsaki a postcard from New York.

Papoutsaki still has it in her office.

“It’s remarkable that someone that young is able to do what she’s doing,” Papoutsaki says. “Chinasa is the absolute embodiment of how remarkable our students can be, how they can excel while at Pomona, but also take what we give them and do so much more once they graduate.”

Pomona’s 2024 Distinguished Staff Awards

This spring Pomona honored Building Attendant Joaquin Rios and Academic Coordinator Cynthia Madrigal with this year’s Distinguished Staff Awards.

Rios has worked in the Housekeeping Department at Pomona for 10 years, and was appreciated for his thoroughness. “He goes above and beyond to make sure everything is immaculate, organized and in order,” writes one nominator. Two people mention how Rios cares for their plants: “It took me months to realize that he’s been watering all my plants without me ever asking him.”

Beyond the work he does, many point to Rio’s kindness and friendliness. “Joaquin always has a smile on his face and a positive attitude. He greets everyone with a smile,” says one person. “My every interaction with him is positive, and I often see how he makes everyone’s days brighter,” says another.

Madrigal, meanwhile, is an 18-year employee of Pomona who manages the unique challenge of juggling the coordination of three different departments: Art History, Classics and Gender and Women’s Studies.

“She serves all three ably, covering the budgets and all the arrangements for all three departments,” says George Gorse, chair of art history. “She is a very hard worker who takes on massive amounts of responsibility with efficiency and grace.”

Another nominator concurs: “Providing support to three different programs is challenging in and of itself. Each entity has their own nuances and demands, and Cynthia provides assistance with grace, resilience and professionalism.”

Meet Three Student-Athletes Playing Fall Sports at Pomona

The fall brings fresh schedules for football, men’s and women’s cross country, women’s volleyball, men’s water polo and men’s and women’s soccer.

Three student-athletes currently in season reflect on what drew them to Pomona, how they balance schoolwork and athletic responsibilities, and what they plan to do when their playing days are over.

Women’s Volleyball: Savanna Cespedes ’26

Savanna Cespedes What fascinates Cespedes about the brain is its relationship to the body. As she recovers from major knee surgery, she’s seen firsthand how complex that relationship can be.

A neuroscience major from Rancho Cucamonga, she’s back in practice after tearing her ACL last October, and while she’s regained strength in her knee almost a year later, she says she’s still rebuilding the mind-to-muscle connection.

“I can tell my brain is reacting faster than my body,” she adds. “I’ll see certain things and my brain is telling me to move, but my body doesn’t want to.”

As one of four team captains, Cespedes shares responsibility for putting her teammates in the best position to succeed. She’s inching closer to returning to game action and credits Pomona’s trainers for helping her recover from her first major injury.

“The first month after surgery was one of the roughest months of my life,” she says. “Having my sense of independence stripped from me was something I really struggled with. But my parents, my friends and my team were my rocks.”

Cespedes got her EMT certification this summer as she recovered from surgery. She plans to pursue a master’s in physician assistant studies with the intent to become capable of providing life-saving support when called upon.

Men’s Cross Country: Joseph Cox ’25

Joseph CoxAs a distance runner, Cox sees the beauty of the world around him. As a 3D animator, he builds worlds for others to see.

“When doing documentary work, a lot of the time world-building begins once you have the footage,” Cox says. “But in 3D animation, every single item throughout the process has to be put in context because you make everything from scratch.”

A media studies major, Cox balances his curiosities in the classroom and responsibilities as a runner. During this past track season, the Austin, Texas, native was asked by a friend and fellow distance runner to animate an ichthyosaurus from photo scans with the help of Claremont McKenna College professor Lars Schmitz.

Over the summer, Cox not only animated the creature, but created an underwater environment with fluid simulations that accurately react to the ichthyosaurus entering and exiting the water.

As big a field as 3D animation is, Cox hopes to narrow his expertise to modeling, texturing or compositing. His strengths lie in modeling and texturing, and he can see himself creating detailed worlds in video games or movies.

“I’m not exactly sure where the 3D jobs will take me,” he says. “But I definitely want to do 3D animation in film or other types of media.”

Women’s Soccer: Anjali Nuggehalli ’26

Anjali NuggenhalliWhen Nuggehalli came to Pomona, she expected to grow close with her teammates on the pitch. She didn’t expect to do the same with colleagues in the Computer Science Department.

“Until I got to Pomona, I didn’t think a STEM department would have the opportunity for socialization and bonding,” says Nuggehalli, a computer science and politics double major. “When I talk to people at bigger schools, especially in STEM departments, it’s very much you go to lecture where there’s hundreds of kids, you do the assignments, turn them in and that’s that.”

Drawing inspiration from upperclassmen, Nuggehalli became a computer science liaison, fostering relationships with faculty and peers while playing for one of the preeminent Division III women’s soccer programs in the country.

In the summer she interned with the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee’s Business Innovation and Data Analytics division as a Women in Sports Tech fellow, where she analyzed fan engagement and built a model to predict medal counts. She also visited the Team USA training center in Colorado to rub elbows with top directors and athletes.

A native of Saratoga, California, Nuggehalli is enticed by a career in sports technology and hopes to continue exploring related avenues at Pomona.

“Everyone here is passionate for learning,” she says, “and that inspires me to not only go to class to get good grades, but to walk out and feel like a more well-rounded, educated person.”

Testing Climate Change Messaging Through Behavioral Science

Associate Professor of Psychological Science Adam Pearson.

Associate Professor of Psychological Science Adam Pearson.

How effective are different messaging styles aimed at boosting climate awareness and action?

Is a “doom and gloom” approach best? What about emphasizing scientific consensus on climate change? Or considering the consequences of climate change in one’s region?

Associate Professor of Psychological Science Adam Pearson recently was part of a global team of 250 behavioral scientists who tested a set of strategies on more than 59,000 participants in 63 countries—the largest experiment ever conducted on climate change behavior.

The main findings of the study were published in Science Advances in February.

“Scientists, journalists and advocacy groups often emphasize different facets of the problem—the dangers of climate change, its outsized effects on young people, the overwhelming scientific consensus that it’s human-caused,” Pearson says. “But what works on a global scale? What motivates people around the world to address a global problem like climate change? We don’t actually have an answer to that question.

“To understand what mobilizes people to address a problem like climate change, we really need to move beyond the United States and beyond Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic societies,” Pearson says.

To do that, the team tested 11 messages designed to boost people’s climate beliefs and behavior, conducting the study in more than 60 countries. The results included many surprises, allowing researchers to see what works—and for whom.

Perhaps one of the biggest takeaways from the study, not unexpectedly, is that different people respond differently to various climate messages, with responses varying across countries.

To share their findings, the research team created an open-access web app, which allows users to see the effects of the strategies along dimensions such as nationality, income level, political ideology, education and gender.

Pearson says he hopes tools like these can help practitioners tailor climate messages for different audiences, as well as spark additional research.

Pearson’s scholarly background is in the study of group dynamics as well as the psychology of inequality. About 10 years ago, he became interested in the social psychological research around climate change. “There’s a growing understanding that human behavior is at the root of this problem,” he says.

“We’ve been increasingly thinking about climate changes not as a problem of one climate but two climates: our physical climate and the social climate of any given area. We need to understand how those climates intersect. That’s where behavioral science comes into the equation,” he says.

“It’s a big collective action problem,” Pearson says, “and that requires coordination, including among researchers.”

A Letter to a Child

The most effective strategy globally for increasing support for climate policy was imagining writing a letter explaining one’s climate actions today to a child one knows who would receive the letter 25 years later. Similarly effective was imagining oneself in the future writing a letter to one’s current self, asking questions about what actions one took or what one was thinking at the time. “These messages shrink the time scale of climate change. They remind us that our actions today matter and will impact people we know, in our families and communities,” Pearson says.

Negative Messaging

“Doom and gloom” messaging, however, decreased people’s pro-environmental behavior. These stories were highly effective in getting people to share information about climate change on social media but backfired for climate skeptics, reducing their support for a range of climate policies.

A Pomona Seminar on International Issues, Taught Overseas

“Diplomats!”

Politics Associate Professor Mietek Boduszynski starts all his correspondence with students in this summer’s study abroad course with a salutation he knows well. He spent nearly 10 years as a Foreign Service officer with the U.S. Department of State, gaining a storehouse of knowledge he shares with students on the Pomona campus and, in the summer of 2024, on location in Belgium and Morocco.

The four-week immersive seminar, Diplomacy and Human Rights in the Mediterranean, is the first of what Nicole Desjardins Gowdy, senior director of international and domestic programs, hopes will be annual study away programs led by Pomona faculty in a variety of disciplines. It’s part of an effort to make additional short-term, focused international experiences available to students, though she notes that Pomona has so far bucked the national trend toward compressed study abroad. By the time they graduate, about half of Sagehens have studied away from campus, usually for an entire semester, in one of the 67 programs offered in 37 countries. Boduszynski says that in this class, as many as half the students had never been abroad.

Students enrolled in Diplomacy and Human Rights will have an up-close, behind the scenes look at diplomacy in action in Brussels, Belgium, headquarters of the European Union, and Morocco, a southern Mediterranean nation that is, as Boduszynski explains, “at once Arab and African.” In Belgium, they will meet with leaders of organizations such as NATO, the European Union and Human Rights Watch. In Morocco, they will visit the U.S. Consulate General, meet with a leading novelist and a New York Times journalist, tour the Amal Center for Women and Single Mothers, and talk with a human rights activist.

Each day will immerse the students deeper into the process of “policymaking around human rights, which has to be balanced with other kinds of goals, like security, migration and economics,” says Boduszynski. “They will actually meet the people who make those policies right in the spaces where they make them.”

—Marilyn Thomsen

How To Become Pomona’s Commencement Photographer

If you graduated in the past 30 years, chances are Nancy Newman took your picture. Although she doesn’t remember exactly which year was her first, “I know there have been three presidents during my time photographing Commencement.” That means if you shook the hand of Peter W. Stanley, David W. Oxtoby or the current president, G. Gabrielle Starr, then Newman might have snapped the shot.

Nancy Newman greets Oscar at the 1991 Academy Awards at the rhe Shrine Auditorium.

Nancy Newman greets Oscar at the 1991 Academy Awards at the rhe Shrine Auditorium.

  1. At 5 years old, decide to work for newspapers one day. Pick up a camera as a freshman in college and never look back. “I fell in love,” Newman says. “I realized I could report local and national stories through the lens.”
  2. Work for newspapers for 10 years after graduating from the University of La Verne, then start your own business. Among your assignments: photographing five U.S. presidents, World Cup soccer and the Emmys and Oscars—including the 1991 Academy Awards at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles.
  3. Develop a wide variety of specialties, including graduations. “I’m honored to be a part of such a special day because I know how hard students work to achieve that goal and how hard their parents or loved ones worked to get them to that place.”
  4. Climb a ladder. Commencement was held in Bridges Auditorium when Newman started, and the stage is so high she had to perch on a ladder. Plus, it was before digital cameras: Newman was shooting film. Working with multiple cameras, as she finished one roll, she’d make a quick switch with an assistant at the bottom of the ladder who would hand her a loaded camera and reload the first.
  5. Fine-tune the art of capturing the moment. “When someone walks across the stage, their heads move or the tassel flips in front of their eyes or their mouth is open because they’re talking. I do three or four quick photos and pick what’s best. Sometimes they’re looking at the president. Other times they’re looking at me or out at their family. Whatever way they’re engaged, that’s my moment to capture the spirit and energy of that moment.”
  6. Put in some very long days. Newman usually arrives on campus around 8 a.m. on Commencement Day to check out the staging and photograph grads and their families. She did it this year, too—before heading to L.A. for the relocated ceremony. She’s not finished when the last graduate crosses the stage. After a break, she starts the post-production work. “I try to turn it around as quickly as possible. In my photography, I give it everything I have and then give some more, because I think it warrants that care for each student and their families.”

    Newman with the Pomona College Class of 2024 at the Shrine.

    Newman with the Pomona College Class of 2024 at the Shrine.

  7. Experience the emptiness of three springs without on-campus Commencements, not only this year but also the pandemic cancellations in 2020 and 2021. “That was so strange. It felt like something was missing. You photograph something for so many years, it becomes part of your life.”
  8. Come full circle in 2024, when it’s back to the Shrine Auditorium, 33 years after shooting the Oscars there.
  9. Never forget the importance of each graduate’s photo. “It’s funny, I wonder if that’s part of why I take every single shot to heart. I had to pay my own way through college. When I finally saved enough money to buy the photos, I called and the photo company said they had destroyed them already. I never got one and so I work hard to try to get everyone their photos.”
  10. Keep a sense of humor, knowing that as the audience looks at the stage, they’re also staring at the photographer’s back. “The number of photos the back of my head must be in after 30 years!” Newman says with a laugh.

Wig Awards

This year’s Wig Award winners from left: Associate Professor of Chemistry Nicholas Ball, Professor of Politics Susan McWilliams Barndt, Lingurn H. Burkhead Professor of Mathematics Ami Radunskaya, Assistant Professor of Philosophy Ellie Anderson, Professor of Computer Science David Kauchak and Assistant Professor of Economics Kyle Wilson.

This year’s Wig Award winners from left: Associate Professor of Chemistry Nicholas Ball, Professor of Politics Susan McWilliams Barndt, Lingurn H. Burkhead Professor of Mathematics Ami Radunskaya, Assistant Professor of Philosophy Ellie Anderson, Professor of Computer Science David Kauchak and Assistant Professor of Economics Kyle Wilson.

Six members of the Pomona College faculty have been named winners of the 2024 Wig Distinguished Professor Award, which recognizes excellence in teaching, commitment to students and service to the College and the community. Students in their junior and senior years vote for the awards, which are confirmed by a committee comprised of students, faculty and members of the Board of Trustees.

This year’s winners are Associate Professor of Chemistry Nicholas Ball, Professor of Politics Susan McWilliams Barndt, Lingurn H. Burkhead Professor of Mathematics Ami Radunskaya, Assistant Professor of Philosophy Ellie Anderson, Professor of Computer Science David Kauchak and Assistant Professor of Economics Kyle Wilson.

Scholars
and Fellows

Churchill Scholarship

Zoë Xiu-Zhi Batterman ’24

Downing Scholarship

Leonardo Fetta Alaghb and ’24
Zongqi Zhai ’24

Fulbright U.S. Student Program

Malia Grace Battafarano ’24
Samuel Bither ’21
Kai James Carse ’24
Jenny Min Chen ’24
Schuyler Reade DiBacco ’24
Teodelina Martelli ’24
Michael Negussie ’24
Nelia Stefin Perry ’24
Wiley Willis Valenti Roberts ’24
Melissa Ann Seecharan ’24

Claire Chang ’24, Lydia Haile ’22, Charis Kim ’24, Genevieve Krieger ’24, Christiana Marchese ’24 and Sophia Ristuben ’24 each were offered a Fulbright award but declined it.

Goldwater Scholarship

Daniel Gao ’25

National Science Foundation Fellowship

Zoë Xiu-Zhi Batterman ’24
Kehlani Alex Fay ’24

USAID Donald M. Payne International Development Graduate Fellowship

Genevieve Alena Krieger ’24

Pomona College Rena Gurley Archibald High Scholarship Prizes

Charis Kee-seon Kim ’24
Anna Tysseling Prewitt ’24
Alexandra Turvey ’24

American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Oxtoby Leaves AAAS Presidency

Pomona College President Emeritus David Oxtoby stepped down as president of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences at the end of June after serving for more than five years.

Calling his term as leader of the distinguished society “the honor of a lifetime,” he lauded the ways many of its members have “helped to lead America and the world through this turbulent era,” including members who helped develop the COVID-19 vaccines.

A chemist by training, Oxtoby served as president of Pomona from 2003 to 2017 and was elected to the academy in 2012 for his specialty in educational and academic leadership. Current Pomona College President G. Gabrielle Starr also is a member of the academy.

Cecilia Conrad Elected to AAAS

New members elected in 2024 include Pomona Emerita Professor of Economics Cecilia Conrad, who was elected in recognition of her nonprofit leadership. Conrad is CEO of Lever for Change, which connects donors with problem solvers to work toward social change. Conrad also is a senior advisor to the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.