Articles Written By: Staff

Creative Passport Shelved, Not Lost

Creative Passport Shelved, Not LostWinning a Watson Fellowship is both a creative passport and a generous provision to wander the world and do independent research for a full year after graduation. However, just as it did to best-laid plans around the world, COVID-19 interrupted those of this year’s Watson winners.

But for Watson recipients Adin Becker ’20 and Zed Hopkins ’20, the disruption is only a delay, not a dead end. The Watson Foundation has granted each of them a two-year deferral period.

Becker, a politics and Middle Eastern studies major from Portland, Ore., learned of his big win amid the frenzy of packing up to go home due to the pandemic.

“The news of my acceptance allowed me to take a step back from the stress of the current moment and concentrate on the passion that had led to me apply in the first place. In times of crisis, it is wonderful to have something extraordinary to look forward to, especially if it happens to be a project you have dreamed of doing for over a decade,” says Becker.

His dream is to explore small, isolated international Jewish settlements in Peru, Ghana, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Tunisia and Poland to gain insight into their persistence and survival despite perpetual threats to their existence.

Hopkins, a theatre major from Brisbane, Australia, has plans to travel and do research in South Africa, Uganda, Greece, India, Indonesia, Switzerland, Austria and Italy. He is grateful for the award but says, “Traveling the world seems like the last thing you want to be doing right now.” However, he plans to do so as soon as it becomes feasible—hopefully by early 2021.

Hopkins’ proposal is to analyze the six pillars of theatre performance and how they connect the imaginative and physical worlds of diverse cultures. The specifics of his project may evolve depending on the economic and social repercussions of the pandemic, so he has been busy brainstorming alternatives. “But if Pomona has taught me anything,” he says, “it’s that you have to lean into that discomfort and embrace and enjoy the challenge.”

Broadcasting Live from My Home to Yours

Broadcasting Live from My Home to YoursPlenty of folks consider campus radio station KSPC 88.7 FM an essential part of their daily routines.

When California Gov. Gavin Newsom issued a statewide stay-at-home order in March, that became official in a manner of speaking: Broadcasting was deemed an essential service along with other media.

The only problem was that all the student DJs were gone after the closing of campus. But Erica Tyron SC ’92, Pomona’s director of student media and KSPC station manager, kept the station going at first by patching together pre-recorded or archival shows and public service announcements. Soon students and alumni began sending in prerecorded shows on MP3 files though Box or Dropbox. A few local community and alumni DJs dropped by the studio.

But one student, Hannah Avalos ’21, started broadcasting her Friday show live from her home in Whittier, spanning the 25 miles to campus via a Zoom connection that gives her mouse-control access to the KSPC studio in Thatcher Music Building.

For Avalos, the high-wire adrenaline of being live sustains her in the stay-at-home era—all via technology undreamed of when KSPC first signed on to the airwaves in 1956.

“It’s kind of like an outing for me,” Avalos says. “It’s an activity, more than another task I have to do. It’s a really nuanced difference, but I think having it at a set time is more like having an appointment or a fun activity, rather than another homework assignment or a work assignment.”

Fulbright Winners

Eight Pomona seniors were awarded prestigious Fulbright fellowships for world travel and teaching English, though the Fulbright program also delayed the start of its fellowships until after January 1, 2021. Here are the winners from the Class of 2020.

Tyler Bunton, an English major from Hamden, Conn., has been selected to teach English in Brazil.

Jordan Carethers, an international relations and French double major from Bloomfield Hills, Mich., was selected to teach English in rural Taiwan.

Evan Chuu, a linguistics major from Arcadia, Calif., will teach English in Malaysia.

Oliver Dubon, a music major from Palmyra, Va., was selected to go to Estonia on a research award.

Netta Kaplan, a linguistics major from St. Paul, Minn., was selected to teach English in Turkey.

Daphnide Nicole, an international relations major from Portland, Ore., was selected to teach English in Senegal.

Aleksandr Thomas, an international relations major from Pasadena, Calif., was selected to teach English in Russia.

Kim Tran, a public policy analysis major from Chicago, Ill., plans to teach English in Vietnam.

Wildlife on Campus

Wildlife

With the campus closed, there have been lots of wildlife sightings, including everything from owls to coyotes. In this photo, a family of raccoons peeks out of their hiding place in a storm drain on College Avenue, between the President’s House and Carnegie Hall. —Photo by Lupe Castaneda

Bookmarks Fall/Winter 2020

The ArrestThe Arrest

Professor and noted author Jonathan Lethem’s most recent novel is speculative fiction about societal collapse, two siblings, a man who came between them and a nuclear-powered supercar.


Separate but Faithful: The Christian Right’s Radical Struggle to Transform Law and Legal CultureSeparate but Faithful:
The Christian Right’s Radical Struggle to Transform Law and Legal Culture

Politics Professor Amanda Hollis-Brusky co-authors with Joshua C. Wilson the first book-length treatment of “Christian worldview” law schools and their impacts on law and politics, based on fieldwork and interviews with leaders of the Christian Right legal movement.


The Phantom Pattern Problem: The Mirage of Big DataThe Phantom Pattern Problem:
The Mirage of Big Data

Economics Professor Gary Smith and Jay Cordes ’93 pose the question as to whether data patterns are worth believing—and posit that the “evidence” is ultimately meaningless.


Ripples of Air: Poems of HealingRipples of Air:
Poems of Healing

Charlotte Digregorio ’75 offers hundreds of her award-winning poems, along with her essays on poetry.


Hunting Nature: Ivan Turgenev and the Organic WorldHunting Nature:
Ivan Turgenev and the Organic World

Thomas P. Hodge ’84 explores Ivan Turgenev’s relationship to nature through hunting—his life’s passion.


SignatureSignature

Hunter Dukes ’13 explores the cultural history of autographs through first-person recollections from his travels through California, England, Greece, Finland and Russia.


Reading Minds: How Childhood Teaches Us to Understand PeopleReading Minds:
How Childhood Teaches Us to Understand People

Henry M. Wellman ’70, professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, presents research on theory of mind and examines ideas about the frontiers of research, from robots to religion.


Modern Family: The Untold Oral History of One of Television’s Groundbreaking SitcomsModern Family:
The Untold Oral History of One of Television’s Groundbreaking Sitcoms

Marc Freeman ’89 tells the history of the popular TV show through the eyes of the cast, creators and crew.


The Power of the Impossible: On Community and the Creative LifeThe Power of the Impossible:
On Community and the Creative Life

Erik S. Roraback ’89 surveys cultural figures and icons like Spinoza and Ivan Lendl and examines global community formation and creativity.

Sagecast: A Few Highlights

Listen in on enlightening conversations with some of Pomona’s most interesting alumni with Sagecast, the podcast of Pomona College. Here is a sampling of this season’s offerings, now available at pomona.edu/sagecast:

Jennifer Doudna ’85
winner of the 2020 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for her work with a gene-editing tool that has revolutionized  genetic research

Mac Barnett ’04
author of such beloved children’s books as Extra Yarn and The Wolf, the Duck and the Mouse

Anjali Kamat ’00
award-winning investigative reporter who covered the Arab uprisings in Egypt and Libya for Al Jazeera

Lynda Obst ‘72
renowned film producer of such groundbreaking films as The Fisher King, Sleepless in Seattle, Interstellar and more

Bill Keller ’70
Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and former executive editor of The New York Times 

Richard Preston ’76
New York Times best-selling author of The Hot Zone, among other books, and expert on emerging viruses

Taking Time Out

Since we’re all spending a lot of time at home these days, this section offers some amusing pastimes for those looking for a bit of relaxing fun.


Crossword Challenge

This crossword puzzle, titled “Plot-lines,” was designed by Joel Fagliano ’14, the digital puzzle editor of The New York Times and assistant to the print crossword editor, Will Shortz. The answers are available here.

crossword puzzle, titled “Plot-lines”


Color Me Creative

For those who have joined the adult coloring craze—or who want to give it a try—here’s another familiar image from the Pomona College campus. Send us a scan of your work (pcm@pomona.edu) to show off in a future issue.

Color Me Creative

This rendering of last issue’s coloring challenge was submitted by Boston architect Harriet Chu ’76.

This rendering of last issue’s coloring challenge was submitted by Boston architect Harriet Chu ’76.

Crossword Challenge Answers

ACROSS

1. STRUCK
7. YOUTUBED
15. WOOHOO
16. YOSEMITE
17. URANUS
18. YOGIBEAR
19. MONOPOLY
21. GENT
22. VOYAGER
25. BFF
28. HOLYMAN
29. VPS
32. MOIRE
34. YES
35. LEIA
36. XXXXXXX
39. XXXXXXX
41. ETES
42: KEY
44. EIEIO
45. RVS
46. KENYANS
49. DEN
50. IDSAYSO
51. CALL
53. YARDSALE
59. HAULAWAY
62. DEEJAY
63. ORDINARY
64. IMGAME
65. STINGRAY
66. COAXES

DOWN

1. SWUM
2. TORO
3. ROAN
4. UHNO
5. COUP
6. KOSOVO
7. YYYYYYY
8. OOO
9. USG
10. TEIGEN
11. UMBER
12. BIEN
13. ETAT
14. DER
20. LOL
23. AMEX
24. GASX
25. BMXER
26. FOXTV
27. FIXES
28. HEX
29. VEXED
30. PIXIE
31. SAXON
33. RXS
35. LXI
37. XKES
38. XENA
40. XES
43. YYYYYYY
46. KDLANG
47. ASA
48. NORDIC
50. ILLIN
51. CART
52. AUDI
54. DEMO
55. SEGA
56. AJAX
57. LAME
58. EYES
59. HOS
60. WAR
61. ARA

Together in Cyberspace

With the College closed for the fall semester and all instruction temporarily online, Pomona faculty have relied on a range of technologies to teach their classes and build community among their students. —Photos by Jeff Hing

Chemistry Professor Jane Liu conducts a Zoom class in Biochemistry from her office in Seaver North.

Chemistry Professor Jane Liu conducts a Zoom class in Biochemistry from her office in Seaver North.

Giovanni Molina Ortega

Theatre Professor Giovanni Molina Ortega accompanies students in his Musical Theatre class from a piano in Seaver Theatre.

German Professor Hans Rindesbacher

German Professor Hans Rindesbacher puts a group of beginning German students through their paces from his office in Mason Hall.

A Clue to Blocking the Virus

virusUnderstanding how to stop the novel coronavirus from attacking cells and the immune system is a challenge that scientists around the world are facing as they race against the clock to create treatments and vaccines to fight the pandemic. According to new research from Pomona College, Caltech and DePaul University, one key to unlocking that puzzle may have been found in the effect of metal ions on a pair of the novel coronavirus’s proteins—the virus’s main protease, known as 6LU7, and the protein in the virus’s spikes, known as 6VXX.

In an article published in the Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, Pomona College Professor of Chemistry Roberto Garza-López, DePaul University Professor of Chemical Physics John Kozak and Caltech Professor of Chemistry Harry B. Gray have shared their findings in order to contribute to the worldwide effort to end the pandemic. Titled “Structural stability of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease: Can metal ions affect function?” the article was picked by the journal’s editor to be part of a special issue to celebrate the publication’s 50th anniversary.

Using computational techniques employed in Garza-López’s lab and experimental results obtained in Gray’s lab, the team began working in February on the properties of these two pieces of the novel coronavirus. The virus uses its spike protein, 6VXX, to attach itself to human cells. Then, like a pair of molecular scissors, the protease, 6LU7, activates the virus by cutting its large polyproteins into smaller segments that can attack human cells. Both proteins are key to the virus’s ability to replicate.

Through almost daily research via Zoom discussions, computational modeling and experiments, the researchers have discovered that several metals—including certain ions of zinc, copper and cobalt—could inhibit the normal functioning of those two vital pieces of the virus’s protein. Inhibiting either the attachment of the virus or the catalytic action that activates it could prevent the virus from wreaking havoc on individual cells and, ultimately, the immune system.

“The purpose of knowing the mechanism to inhibit the SARS-CoVid-2 virus is to guide the design of COVID-19-specific therapeutics and vaccines suitable for mass immunization,” says Garza-López. “Drug design will focus on the ability to stop the novel coronavirus before it attaches to human cells or reproduces itself. That’s why we believe the contribution of our last two papers and this one that was just accepted will be able to say something about this mechanism.”

The research team had already been studying the family of coronaviruses for a while before the global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus began. Then, in early February, a team of Chinese scientists shared the crystal structure of protein 6LU7 in the Protein Data Bank, an open-access digital data resource available to scientists around the world, with the aim of promoting scientific discovery. One day after 6LU7 was deposited by the Chinese team, Garza-López pulled the data to begin his work.

“I visualize the protein, and we go piece by piece and identify different pockets in which we can stop either the attachment of the virus or the catalyzation that is responsible for the polyprotein that will inject the machinery into the cell to replicate and destroy the immune system,” he explains. “Many simulations are performed daily to get the right inhibiting mechanism.”

As COVID-19 swept the world and turned into a global pandemic, Garza-López and Gray took to Zoom to conduct daily research meetings. Garza-López also oversaw 13 student researchers during the summer, including both students at Pomona College and high school students in Pomona’s summer enrichment program, known as PAYS. “Computational research has not slowed down, in spite of spending considerable time at improving my teaching online and having five PAYS students and eight Pomona College undergraduates this summer,” he says, adding that the students have had all the means necessary to continue their work uninterrupted without having to meet in person or put each other at risk.

“The new coronavirus that causes the COVID-19 illness is very unique. It’s very easy to transmit, which makes it more dangerous than the other coronaviruses, especially when it mutates and improves its efficiency,” says Garza-López. “We are interested in how its protein structure behaves and its points of weakness as well as the recent D614G mutation that has increased its efficiency of transmission 10 times.”

Garza-López, Gray and Kozak have a long history of studying proteins, how they interact, how they fold and unfold, how they react with certain metallic elements. Prior to their interest in coronaviruses, the team was working on the folding and unfolding of the proteins azurin and cytochrome C’ and energy transfer in special molecules called dendrimers. The improper unfolding of proteins has been linked to cancers and other diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.